The Study On Effect Of Development And Opening-up In Border Area Of Southwest China

Building the southwest border area into an important channel for opening-up to South Asia is an important part of the "Belt and Road" national strategy.And it is the hope and opportunity for developing and opening-up of the southwest border area.It is conducive to the construction of a new pattern of all-round opening up of the country,and the overall expansion of the opening-up of the southwest border region to the outside world,especially beneficial to expand the development space of the superior industries with high altitude characteristics.It also plays an important role in promoting the economic and social development of the southwest border area,and it is of great strategic significance to promote the long-term development and long-term stability of the southwest border area.Therefore,the study on the specific effects of the policy of developing and opening up along the border in promoting the economic and social development of the southwest border area is also a matter of concern.This paper takes the area along the south-west side as the research scope.From the perspective of economic geography,first of all,on the basis of the relevant background,the paper puts forward the questions,research scheme,basic ideas,research methods and innovation,and discusses the theoretical and practical significance of the research.According to those forwards,the literature review is carried out.Then interpret the theoretical basis of agglomeration effect of the development and opening-up in border area(including: using GIS space information technology,traditional location theory,new economic geography theory,growth pole theory,transaction cost theory,etc.,)and the following was the main part of this paper.Secondly,this paper analyzes the history of development and opening-up of the border area in China,the history of development and opening-up in border area of southwest China;the present situation of the development and opening-up in the border area in China,the present situation of the development and opening-up of the southwestern border of China.Summarizes the existing problems of development and opening-up of the southwestern border of China,the existing problems including: the poor development and opening-up integration effect,lower level of opening economy development,the insufficient investment in the development and opening-up of the capital,and lack of infrastructure construction.These problems are mainly due to the fact that the southwestern border areas of China are located in the southwestern border areas of the motherland,and the level of economic,social and cultural development is relatively backward etc.These problems also seriously affect the opening-up effect of the development of the southwestern border areas of China.Thirdly,the evaluation of the development and opening-up agglomeration effect of the border areas in Southwest China.The evaluation index system of agglomeration effect of development and opening-up in border area of southwest is designed.At the same time,this paper shows the agglomeration effect of development and opening-up in the border area of southwest China according to the comprehensive index method(time series angle)which was based on AHP(The Analytic Hierarchy Process,brief AHP)model and grey relational analysis(Grey Relational Analysis)method(cross section number).To be more specific,the comprehensive index method based on AHP model is used to evaluate the agglomeration effect of the development and opening-up of the three provinces(districts)along the southwest of China from 2000 to 2016.And grey relational analysis method was used to evaluate the agglomeration effect of development and opening-up in the three provinces(districts)along the southwest of China in the selected years.Also,the agglomeration effect of the development and opening-up of 15 states(cities)along the southwest of China in 2016 was evaluated by using the grey relational analysis method.Overall,the overall evaluation results of the development and opening-up effect in the southwestern border areas of China from 2000 to 2016 show an increasing trend,and take 2008 as the turning point.Although the overall evaluation result of the opening effect of Guangxi's development is the highest,the gap between Yunnan and Tibet is getting smaller and smaller,especially the opening effect of Yunnan's development catches up with Guangxi and is faster.The results of the evaluation of the opening-up effect of development in the fifteen prefectures(cities)also reflect that the overall evaluation results of the opening-up effect of development in Guangxi are the highest,followed by Yunnan and Tibet.Fourthly,the spatial structure of the development and opening-up agglomeration effect of Southwest China is analyzed in this paper,including the basic meaning of the development and opening-up agglomeration effect spatial structure,the measure of the spatial structure of the development and opening-up agglomeration effect,the proportion,unbalance index and the Gini coefficient of the development and opening-up agglomeration effect in the southwest of China,and so on.The spatial structure measurement results of the opening-up effect of three provinces(districts)along the southwestern border of China show that the overall proportion of the opening-up effect of the three provinces(districts)along the southwestern border of China in 2000 and 2016 is higher in Guangxi and Yunnan(the highest in Guangxi)and lower in Tibet.The distribution of the opening-up effect of the three provinces(districts)along the southwestern border of China is more and more different from 2000 to 2016.Remarkable.The results of the spatial structure measurement of the development opening effect of the fifteen states(cities)along the southwestern border of China show that the overall proportion of the development opening effect of the fifteen states(cities)along the southwestern border of China in 2016 is higher in Guangxi and Yunnan(of which the States(cities)in Guangxi are the highest)and lower in Tibet.Fifthly,I use vector auto regression model(VAR)to analyze the factors affecting the development and opening-up agglomeration effect in border areas of Southwest China.Vector autoregressive model is used to study the impact of human capital level index,government financial expenditure index and opening degree index on the opening effect index of the development of southwestern border areas in China.The results show that the index of opening-up effect in the southwestern border areas of China is greatly influenced by itself and the index of opening-up degree,and is less affected by the index of government financial expenditure and the index of human capital level.Human capital level index,government financial expenditure index and opening degree index are the Granger causality of the change of opening effect index in the development of southwestern border areas in China.These fully explain that since the implementation of the strategy of Western development,the opening degree of southwestern border areas has been deepening,the intensity of local government financial expenditure has gradually increased,and the development of southwestern border areas has opened up.The radiation effect is also gradually improving.But relatively speaking,the per capita length of education of residents in the southwestern border areas has been increasing slowly,and the level of human capital is not high.In order to further improve the opening effect of the development of the southwestern border areas,it is necessary to improve the level of human capital in the southwestern border areas as soon as possible.Finally,to analyze the development and opening-up experience of the coastal areas and other border areas which were showed as follow: the opening experience of the Bohai region,the opening experience of the Yangtze River Delta region,the opening experience of the Pearl River Delta region,the opening experience of the border areas in Xinjiang,the opening experience of the Inner Mongolia border area and the border of Heilongjiang,and the experience of opening of the border areas in Liaoning and Jilin.On the basis of analysis of experience and reference,the research conclusions are drawn:the opening-up effect of development in three provinces(regions)along the southwestern border of China shows an increasing trend;there is a certain gap between Yunnan and Tibet and Guangxi,but it tends to narrow;the distribution of opening-up effect of development in the southwestern border areas of China is quite different;each factor has a greater impact on the opening-up effect of development along the southwestern border of China.Then summed up some countermeasures to promote the development and opening up in border area of southwest from the infrastructure policy,trade policy,tax and fee policy,financial policy,open policy,fiscal policy,industrial policy,talent culture and so on.On this basis,the shortcomings of the research and future research prospects are summarized.