Design And Application Of Silver Nanowires Transparent Conductive Electrodes

As a new type of emerging transparent conductive film,silver nanowire(AgNW)network that possesses unique advantages in electro-optical performance,mechanical flexibility,and manufacturing processes has been considered as the next generation of transparent conductive electrode(TCE)with the most potential in commercial development,thus arousing widespread attentions in academia and industry.However,it is precisely because of this unique structure form that it faces completely different problems from the traditional transparent conductive films in the application of optoelectronic devices,such as the inferior electro-optical properties,large surface roughness and poor patterning performance.Therefore,the rational design of AgNW TCE becomes ever so crucial for different optoelectronic applications.This doctoral dissertation is based on the main research ideas from theoretically guided material design to the experimentally achieved TCE fabrication and its unique applications.As a result,various of AgNW TCEs with different characteristics are obtained,and exhibited unique advantages in high-efficiency solar cells(SCs),high-resolution display and high-efficiency flexible quantum dot light-emitting devices(QLEDs).The main research results are as following:1.By using the Monte Carlo optimization algorithm and the Comsol Multiphysics finite element simulation,the patterned TCE of the orthogonal network structure shows a higher conduction probability and electrical conductivity than that of the randomly distributed network,providing a good theoretical guidance for the fabrication of high-performance patterned electrodes.The optical simulations also show that the scattering properities associated with the diameter of AgNW constitute the main part of the extinction and haze,which also supports the theoretical basis for the regulation of transmittance and haze.2.By using a one-step rapid radial electrochemical etching approach to controllable adjustment of the diameter of thick–long AgNW,T_t(88.4%),H(13.3%)and R_s(4?/sq)with ligand-free surface of AgNW TCEs can be achieved at the same time.A semitransparent perovskite solar cell is demonstrated by applying such TCE as top electrode and exhibits high power conversion efficiency up to 16.03%and 11.12%when illuminated from bottom and top electrode,respectively.3.By balancing the pinning force and capillary force,aligned AgNW networks are obtained at a large scale with superior optoelectronic performance over the random conductive networks.Further,an in-situ polymerization peeling process is developed to realize 20×20 cm~2 highly durable,thermally stable and low surface-roughness AgNW TCEs.The patterned electrodes based on this TCE has been successfully applied to flexible high resolution luminescent devices with a line width of 30?m.4.By investigating the application of AgNW TCEs in QLEDs,the flexible QLED shows the record-breaking maximum external quantum efficiency(16.5%)and current efficiency(19.5 cd/A),which gives a 3 times efficiency improvement,wide-angle emission intensity and other advantages compared to the rigid QLED with glass/ITO.By simulating the dipole optical behavior of AgNW and ITO TCE based QLEDs,the electric field distribution,energy dissipation and light extraction efficiency are analyzed,and the light outcoupling enhancement mechanism of AgNW is also theoretically proved.In summary,based on rational material design,the factors influencing AgNWs TCEs electro-optical properties have been successfully elucidated and contributes greatly to the fabrication of unique TCE in various applications.In addition,the high-performance demos of different optoelectronic devices are exhibited.Thus this paper provides scientific theoretical basis and experimental guidance for the application of AgNW TCE in the future.