Research On The Development And Practice Mode Of TPACK For Normal Students

In the information era,integrate technology to carry out teaching is a kind of professional accomplishment that teachers must possess.Teachers need to have the knowledge,skills,psychology and morality related to integrate technology to carry out teaching.TPACK was originally proposed as a knowledge framework to explore and understand the knowledge needed for teachers to integrate technology to carry out teaching in a subject field.However,with the deepening of the research,its connotation has been continuously expanded,it explains the knowledge,skills,psychology and morality of integrating technology to carry out teaching,and has become one of the core contents of teacher professional development in the information era.Normal school students are teachers of the future,and there are also problems with the development of TPACK.Developing TPACK for normal school students in the stage of normal education is of great significance for them to grow up to qualified professional teachers and their future professional development,as well as to promote the development of education informatization in China.The development of TPACK for normal school students is an urgent task for teachers' education in the background of education informationization.Exploring effective practice model of TPACKdevelopment for normal school students is the historical mission entrusted to teachers'educational research by education informationization.Focusing on the problem of "what kind of practice mode could be used to develop TPACK for normal school students in China",this paper mainly carries out the following four studies.First,analyze the constituent elements of TPACK.This study systematically analyze the definition of TPACK proposed by different scholars.By analyzing the relationship between different definitions,the constituent elements of TPACK proposed by each definition and their relationships,the following results are formed.TPACK has both internal and external elements,the internal elements include knowledge,skills,psychology and morality of integrating technology to carry out teaching,the external elements are the physical and technical environment,culture,student characteristics and personal relationship of teachers related to integrate technology to carry out teaching.The development of TPACK is the development of internal elements,namely,improving the knowledge level of integrating technology to carry out teaching,cultivating the skills of integrating technology to carry out teaching,forming the psychology of integrating technology to carry out teaching and forming the consciousness and behavior of integrating technology to carry out teaching in accordance with the ethics.Secondly,analyze the practice process of TPACK development for normal school students.Based on teacher professional knowledge theory,technology acceptance model,teacher professional ethics and information ethics cultivation thoughts,this study analyzes the practice process of four internal elements' development,discusses their common characteristics,and describes the practice process of TPACK development of normal school students from the perspective of learning.The practice process consists of five activities:learning theoretical knowledge,understanding and internalizing theoretical knowledge,practicing integrating technology to carry out teaching,summarizing and sublimating practice experience and reflecting.Thirdly,construct the practice model of TPACK development for normal school students.This study firstly summarizes the characteristics of TPACK development practice of domestic and foreign normal school students,and takes it as the practice basis of model construction.Secondly,the practice model of TPACK development for normal school students is explained in detail from five aspects:functional objectives,theoretical basis,operating procedures,implementation conditions and evaluation methods.The model aims at realizing the development of the knowledge,skills,psychology and morality of integrating technology to carry out teaching,takes the activity cycle composed by defining problem,preparing to carry out design,forming work making scheme,making work and evaluating design as the operating procedure,and use diversified evaluation method to evaluate development effect.Applying model to develop the normal school students' TPACK has certain requirements for the teaching environment,resources and courses.Fourthly,verify the effectiveness of the practice model.In this study,quasi-experimental method was used,and two rounds of TPACK development practice were carried out.The results of the first round of practice show that the model is operable.Teaching based on the model can effectively improve the level of TPACK for normal school students,and has better effect than traditional teaching.However,the practice has not realized the significant change of the moral level.At the same time,the normal school students reflect that there are problems in practice,such as "the disconnection between learning theoretical knowledge and practicing" and "lack of in-depth interaction between teachers and students".After amending the operating procedure according to the problems existing in the first round of development practice,the research carried out the second round of practice.The results show that the practice also improves the level of TPACK for normal school students,and the practice mode is still effective.At the same time,the change of moral for integrating technology to carry out teaching is very close to the significant level,and the problem of "disconnection between learning theoretical knowledge and practicing" and "lack of in-depth interaction between teachers and students" has been solved to a certain extent.The revised practice mode is more perfect.At the theoretical level,this paper analyzes the components of TPACK,explains the practical process of TPACK development,constructs the practice mode of TPACK development,enriches the theory of TPACK development to a certain extent,and provides a theoretical basis for the practice of TPACK development for normal school students.In practice,a complete TPACK development case for normal school students has been formed,which can be used for reference by teachers' educators in China.