| From time immemorial,Chinese nation has developed martial spirit with bravery worship and patriotism as its core.Martial spirit is the basic content and important embodiment of Chinese national spirits,which plays a vital part in safeguarding national unity and security,maintaining national cohesion and improving the ideological and moral cultivation of Chinese people.With the development of reform and opening up and the socialist market economy,coupling with increasing diversity and complexity of social and cultural thoughts,as well as independence,selectivity,variety and difference of individual thought,the spreading and cultivation of martial spirit are confronted with new problems and challenges.Thus how to develop,spread and transform the spirit in the new era is an important issue.As youth representatives,college students should fulfill the mission and set examples.Martial spirit can stand as a mainstream ideology and a sense of self-consciousness,developing a positive attitude towards learning,living and working among college students and making them an indispensable part of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.What are the meanings,features,functions,contents of the martial spirits and its cultivation methods still need to be solved in the theory and practice of ideological and political education in colleges.The dissertation focuses on “martial spirit cultivation for college students in the new era” by combining history and logic,theoretical studies and empirical analysis together,takes the systematical construction and practical strategies of the cultivation of martial spirit for college students in the new era as its research object,sorts out the evolution of the martial spirit of the Chinese nation through the basic standpoint and methods of Marxism,and probes into the essence of the martial spirit and its transformation and sublimation in the new era.The dissertation also traces to the source of traditional outstanding Chinese culture,revolutionary culture,advanced socialist culture and the relating thoughts and practice of martial spirit cultivation abroad.And based on the theory of spiritual cultivation in ideological and political education,the dissertation sets up a structural model of elements of martial spirit by referring to theories of relevant disciplines,and puts forward the essence,characteristics,functions and contents of martial spirit.In addition,the current situation of the cultivation of martial spirit among college students in the new era is analyzed,and the corresponding principles and paths are put forward.Chapter one is introduction part,which puts forward an idea that there are realistic and historical significance to spread martial spirit and promote its creative transformation and innovative development according to historical background of martial spirit cultivation for college students in the new era.The text defines the research objective of “constructing the structural model of elements of martial spirits,exploring its essence,features,functions and contents,investigating the statue of its cultivation and providing corresponding path.” The theoretical significance of the research can be listed as follows: making clear the meaning and time significance of martial spirits,broadening its research filed and enriching the contents of ideological and political education.The practical significance can be listed as follows: providing thoughts strategies for martial spirits cultivation,shaping qualities of advocating morality and martial spirit,self-improvement,being responsibility and patriotic among college students,and spreading Chinese culture and improving the people’s confidence in national culture.And in this part,academic researches at home and abroad are arranged to point out the current problems in lacking integrity,research depth and systematicness.On this basis,the research ideas,methods and innovation points are achieved.Chapter two introduces the theory and experience of martial spirit cultivation.In this part,the author introduces the thoughts on martial spirit cultivation from several aspects.First,the classical authors and members of Chinese Communist Party represented by Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin,Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping,which provide world outlook and methodology for the cultivation of martial spirit.Second,the structure theory and teleology,which provide direct academic and theoretical basis.Third,the collective memory,theory of volitional education and traditional Chinese culture related to spirit cultivation,which offer reference to theory and method of martial spirits cultivation.Fourth,the advanced concepts of spiritual cultivation in colleges and universities,which provide a direct theoretical source for martial spirit cultivation theory and strategy.Chapter three is concerned with the transformation and its time significance and the relations among the related concepts and the spirits of Wushu,national defense and national spirits.In this part,the author analyses the evolvement of Chinese national martial spirits,summarizes its basic characters and explains its functions from the perspectives of history,nationality,country,culture and cultivation.Form the perspective of history,martial spirit is a driving force of historic development and social reform.From nationality,it is a crucial basis for pooling social force and maintaining national unity.From country,it is ideological premise of maintaining national security and safeguarding national sovereignty.From culture,it is an important carrier for spreading national culture and values.And from cultivation,it is a source of developing moral personality for individuals and shaping national characters.In addition,the part also analyses the important value of martial spirits to the nation,the society and the individuals.In terms of the nation,it has the value of maintaining the national ideological security and military security.In terms of the society,it has the value of leading and pooling social force.In individual,it can provide broad space for individual development,self-fulfillment,the cultivation of innovation spirit and ability,the improvement of practical ability,tastes,sentiment and behaviors.At the end of this chapter,the significance of martial spirit in the new era is proposed.In terms of the nation,martial spirit is embodied in the awareness of security,danger and safety under the overall national security concept.In terms of the society,it is embodied in the consciousness of social stability,justice and government by law including maintaining the order of law and social stability,promoting the good and punishing the evil(fighting against delinquency),ready to help others and maintaining social justice under socialist core values.In individual,it is embodied in the consciousness of community with a shared future for mankind,the spirits of patriotism,advocating courageousness,self-improvement,heroism and the spirit of renouncing pen for sword,which are established on the base of socialist core values and ideological and ethical standards.Chapter four indicates the construction of structural model of the elements of martial spirits.Based on the general law of ideological and political education process,the structure of martial spirit is divided into four elements including cognition,emotion,willpower and behavior.And the four elements are set as horizontal axis while the vertical axis includes nation,society and individual,which forms a structural matrix of 3*4.A core element or concept is given in each structure.It needs to be noted that the four dimensions are not what are presented in national(social and individual)level,but the cognition,emotion,will and behavior in directed national level based on the martial spirits concept of individuals and groups,which emphasizes on the “directionality” of consciousness and behaviors.Then the author explains each element and put forward the corresponding cultivation objects,which provides a systematic reference for the content system of martial spirit cultivation.Cognition includes core elements like self-reliance,justice,rule of law,independence and security.Emotion includes heroes worship,justice upholding and the sense of national identity.Willpower includes self-improvement,justice insistence,and patriotism.And behavior means being vigorous and ambitious,upholding justice and patriotic.All those elements connect,restrict and promote each other so as to form the structure of martial spirit elements.Among the structure,cognition is precondition,emotion and willpower are necessary conditions influencing the transforming of cognition.Behavior is the embodiment of emotion and will power and strengthens cognition,emotion and willpower.Chapter five introduces the status quo of martial spirit cultivation of college students in the new era.By referring to the theories of ideological political education,pedagogy and sociology,as well as the current situation of cultivation,a questionnaire is designed to investigate 900 students from six colleges and universities nationwide through the combination of macroscopic and microscopic research methods.What’s more,by combining logical structure dimension of moral development among college students including moral cognition,emotion,will and behavior and time dimension that college students give to the traditional and new martial spirits,this part describes the status of martial spirits and analyses its characteristics by means of data analysis with related variate of demography.The questionnaire initially shows a series of conclusions.The text also analyzes the role of cultivating subjects in the process of martial spirit cultivation such as family,school,country,community,social organization and media,and clarify how active the college students are in participating in family cultivation of martial spirit and their differences.Excellent individuals and groups that represent the connotation of martial spirits in the new era are also shown in this section.Chapter six demonstrates the strategies of martial spirits cultivation of college students in the new era.The research summaries the cultivation thoughts and practices in Sparta,Russia,Japan and Germany.According to theoretical basis and the experiences of martial spirit cultivation practice at home and abroad,it also puts forward such cultivation principles as “insisting on system construction and promoting the cognition of object ”,“insisting on positive education and elevating the emotion of object”,“insisting on cultural guidance and strengthening the willpower of objects” and “insisting on practical education and guiding the behaviors of object”.As to cultivation methods,the construction of cognition,emotion,willpower and behavior guidance should be constructed.To be specific,the cognitive construction focuses on the management of knowledge system among college students including national sovereignty,national security,national defense security and social security and develops corresponding ways of thinking.As to emotional cognition,it means making full use of traditional Chinese culture and the national collective memories,developing the spirits of heroes worship,justice upholding and the sense of national identity.This is explained from three aspects: the first one is to spread the the spirit of the Long March,resistance against Japanese Aggression,resistingU.S.aggression and aidding Korea are elaborated and the spirit of reform and opening up.The second one is to spread the stories of heroes.And the last one is to give full play of important festivals.As to the cultivation of willpower,it means strengthening the willpower of objects and developing the qualities of self-improvement,justice upholding and patriotism.In this part,physical training course,ideal and belief education methods and setback education are introduced.As to behavior guidance,educational bases should be constructed and the role of communities should be put into full play.The conclusion part contains the research shortage,and the prospect.As to research shortages,there are some shortcomings in literature review such as insufficiency in literature quantity and singularity in literature fields as well as the complexity in material discrimination.In addition,there may be re-classification and fault classification when sorting out so many elements in a matrix of 3*4.As to investigation,the understanding to research tool is not deep enough,so there may be some defects in question designing.With regard to research prospects,there are three in total.The first one is to consider the cultivation of martial spirit under the historical background of the new era.While the new era means new problems and contradictions.The situation at home and abroad is undergoing profound and complex changes,with bright prospects and grave challenges.The second one is to consider martial spirit cultivation in the context of public opinion.Martial spirit is a category that comes into being in practice,especially in the practice of spiritual cultivation and evolves with the development of practice.It advances with times so that the significance of its contents changes accordingly.The third one is to consider martial spirit in the process of “three-whole education”,demonstrating a feature of full engagement,whole process and comprehensiveness in martial spirit cultivation. |
PDF Full Text Request