Study On Leisure Education Thought In The Republic Of China(1912-1949)

In the period of the Republic of China(ROC),which was being transformed from tradition to modern times,the leisure education is regarded as an important means to improve the social atmosphere.At that time,the intellectuals have carried out extensive and thorough research on "leisure education" and put forward a series of important ideas.This paper is guided by the academic thinking of leisure science,comprehensive application of pedagogy,history,sociology,philosophy,aesthetics and so on.Based on the historical documents of the ROC,this paper attempts to explore the thoughts and practices of leisure education in the ROC,to reveal the rich leisure education wisdom.The introduction is a review of the study of leisure education in China and abroad.Based on the analysis of the present situation,it is pointed out that the research and practice of leisure education in the period of the ROC should be the beginning of modern sense of our country.This study can expand China’s modern and contemporary leisure studies,and carry forward the Chinese discourse system of leisure study and the development of China’s modern leisure education thought and practice.The first chapter discusses the historical conditions of the thought of leisure education in the ROC.The thought of leisure education in the ROC is the result of the gradual development of western studies in the early 20th century,and is also a proof of the gradual trend of modern Chinese social,political,economic and cultural life.During the period of the ROC,the era characteristics of "cultivate new people",towards the development of industrial civilization and the spread of western life ideas,they provide a favorable environment for exploring the theory and practice of leisure education in the ROC.The emergence and development of the thought of leisure education in the ROC has a historical inevitability.The second chapter discusses the theoretical origin of the thought of leisure education in the ROC.This paper analysis from two dimensions of thought and practice,tradition and the west.The leisure education thinkers in the ROC have learned the way of education in the traditional Chinese culture of Confucius,Mencius and Xueji,as well as the style of leisure education of tour and outsider lecture in the Tang and Song Dynasty.And they focused on the thought of western leisure education,such as Aristotle’s "leisure-centered" educational thought,Spencer’s leisure education,Dewey’s life education theory.They were also under the influence of the popular "people’s standard" and the social education thought of" modern educational idea ".After seeing and hearing the achievements and practice of leisure education in the major western countries at that time,it established several theoretical fulcrum of leisure education thought in the ROC.The third chapter discusses the connotation of the thought of leisure education in the ROC.According to the cognition and positioning of the different angles of leisure education,the connotation of leisure education is divided into five sides:the education of leisure time,the education of life and entertainment,the education of art life,the education of happiness,and a supplement to school education.This is the five different angles of understanding leisure education,which are related to their social class,their own experience and the target group.The fourth chapter discusses the school of leisure education in the ROC.The school of People,represented by Tao Xingzhi and Yu Qingtang,emphasize the return to life and people.The school of College,represented by Cai Yuanpei and Zhu Guangqian,regard leisure education as a means to realize aesthetic education and the purpose of artistic education.With Lin Yutang,Wang Guowei and Liang Qichao as the representative of the art of life,the logical starting point of their leisure education thought is that leisure education can help to get away from the secular,away from the bad morals,reaching to an artistic life.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the practice of the thought of leisure education in the ROC,mainly from the schools,the public,the rural areas.The practice of school leisure education mainly includes game entertainment,artistic creation,outdoor activities,social practice and so on.People’s leisure education insists on the principle of economy,service and guidance,with the main form of people’s school,people’s education hall,people’s tea club.Rural leisure education is mainly through welfare movies,folk music,cram schools,drama and other forms to implement.The sixth chapter is the evaluation of the thought of leisure education in the ROC.The thought of leisure education in the ROC affirm the value of "leisure".It advocates the common development of the community,the equality and comprehensive sharing of the masses.It is also committed to saving the country and improving the people’s lives,while paying attention to the combination of practice,which is worthy of our study.But the limitation of it is that there is a contradiction between the development of the national education and the national conditions of internal and external problems,and the pursuit of art and the reality of seeking survival.At last,the present China is also in the social transition period,besides the active advocacy of the implementation of leisure education,more important is the method.To carry out public leisure education program in the whole country,to construct the school leisure education system in the education system,this is the last given reference suggestion.