Theoretical And Practical Research On Health Promotion Of Adaptive Physical Activities In Children With Severe Intellectual Disabilities In Welfare Institutions

At present,the orphans in welfare homes are mainly children with severe intellectual disability.Welfare homes to meet severe barrier for a long time,the survival needs of children as the main parenting tasks,but with the development of the political,economic,cultural and social values,basic survival needs of the children was satisfied,the children's demand by "survival needs" to "survival and development need to be together",the institution of parenting tasks should also go to the survival and development of "paying equal attention to" the direction of the shift.Physical activity is required for the development of all individuals,and the more severe the disorder is,the more important the training of physical movement is.A large number of studies have shown that although the development of adaptive physical activity of children with severe intellectual impairment is extremely challenging,regular and organized adaptive physical activity can positively promote the healthy development of this group.In this context,it is of great significance to explore the impact of adaptive physical activities on the health promotion of children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions by taking adaptive physical activities as the breakthrough point.Firstly,through the methods of literature collection,field observation,interview,test and mathematical statistics,the health status of children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions was tested and analyzed,and the adaptive physical activity needs of children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions were proposed.Then according to the children's health status and literature review step by step,from the theoretical level to construct the welfare homes of children with severe intellectual disability adaptive physical activity program;Finally,through the process of action research,the feasibility and effectiveness of adaptive physical activity programs for children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions were verified.Finally,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions have serious health problems,such as high incidence of disability and drug use rate,stunted development,a lifestyle dominated by static activity time,basic motor skills and social adaptability at the level of normal children about 3 years old.(2)The improvement of the environment is to realize the welfare home the only way to severe intellectual disability children health promotion,adaptive physical activity is the realization of the institution of severe intellectual disability children's healthy development to promote the optimal carrier,and the carrier to maximize the use of its function,to the state,society,the institution and scientific research personnel to support.(3)The adaptive physical activity programs for children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions should be supported by interdisciplinary and comprehensive theoretical knowledge system;the goal of health promotion needs to be achieved through a multi-level and systematic goal system.The selection of teaching and training contents should follow the basic principles of recognizing the homogeneity and difference between special education and general education for the severely mentally retarded,and paying attention to the diversity and uniqueness of the program contents of the adaptive physical activity program for the children with severely mentally retarded.(4)The institution of severe intellectual disability children's fitness and physical activities of teaching content should be based on children's health level,but not in physiological age for reference,the training of teaching can be based on individual's health level,according to the adjustment of environmental and task constraint factors make things difficult for children,that children are all in class teaching system can participate in the activities.(5)The influence of subjective factors,currently in severe mental disabilities to adaptability of physical activity can through the form of a semi-structured implementation,the implementation of specific scheme should be grouping,layered embedded class system as the main teaching training organization form,also need to pay attention to instruction,training equipment,teaching methods,teaching training strategies such as reinforcer,pointing out the reasonable use of the scheme evaluation for the community must be many model,a comprehensive evaluation system.(6)It is feasible and effective for welfare homes,foundations and researchers to take adaptive physical activities as the intervention means to realize the health promotion of children with severe intellectual disability in welfare homes.1 year of organized,regular and continuous adaptive physical activity intervention has a positive impact on the reduction of height and growth retardation,improvement of static lifestyle,improvement of basic motor skills and social adaptability of children with severe intellectual disability in welfare institutions.