| Although Chinese riders of short distance track cycling have made major breakthroughs in Rio Olympic Games,some Olympic riders did not get the best result due to many factors,such as their own performance,opponents’ interference or referee penalty.Therefore,in order to enhance the efficiency of Olympics preparation and avoid competition risks,it is necessary for us to conduct a special and in-depth research on the influencing factors of each specific race.In view of this,the author uses the methods of literature consultation,field investigation,questionnaire survey,Delphi,analytic hierarchy process and case analysis,etc.to carry out a special system construction and empirical research on the factors affecting the results of the short distance cycling Olympians.The research results are as follows:1 The characteristics of short-distance track cycling competitions are as follows: In terms of the content of the competitions,the main factor of team sprints is “average speed”,while the sprint race and Keirin are centered on “high-intensity integrated speed”;in terms of the form of the competition,group competitions and individual competitions have their own unique characteristics;in the evaluation methods of the results of the competition,the main performance is the “compatibility” and coexistence" and “difference” of the assessment criteria,and the “progressivity” and “immediacy” of each round of performance.2.For short-distance cycling riders,the first-grade indexes of the results of Olympic riders’ competition are composed of three parts: the players themselves,their opponents,and the evaluation of the results of the competition.Due to the differences in the characteristics of each specific competition,the second-grade indexes and third-grade indexes of group and individual event vary in content and quantity.3.Through weighted sorting and analysis of the levels of indicators of the influencing factors of the result of Olympic team sprints through the AHP,we found that the main indicators affecting their own performance are the starting ability of the first rider,the walking ability of acceleration of the second rider,and the high-speed maintenance ability of the third rider;the main indicator of the opponent’s performance is the result;and the main indicator of the evaluation of the results of the competition is to avoid fouls.4.Through weighted sorting and analysis of the levels of indicators of the influencing factors of the result of Olympic sprints and Keirins through the AHP,we found that the main indicators affecting their own performance are high-intensity comprehensive speed ability,the tactical choices that are targeted,and their acting in competition,etc.;the main indicators of the opponents’ performance are technical and tactical disturbances and the results;while the main indicator of the evaluation of the results of the competition is to avoid fouls.5.The main reasons of the fact that we got the gold medal in team sprint of 2016 Olympic Games are the starting ability of the first rider,the ability of high-speed maintenance of the second rider,the ability of the team’s multiple rounds of competition and the convergence of the handover,and other key factors that contributed to this achievement.This is consistent with the theoretical system of the factors influencing the results of the Olympians’ competition in the team sprints constructed in this study.6.Guo Shuang won bronze medal for sprint in 2008 Beijing Olympics and the silver medal for Keirin in 2012 London Olympics.The key factors for her success are her own superb physical fitness and excellent ability to act in competition,as well as effective ways to avoid fouls and use rules in a rational way.This is consistent with the theoretical system of the factors influencing the results of the Olympians’ competition in the sprints and Keirins constructed in this study. |
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