The Study On Welfare State Under The Perspective Of Political Philosophy

In the history of political thought and human civilization,the welfare state is the highest form of spiritual development.It means that the unity of human rights and obligations has reached the level of self-reflection and is guaranteed by an institutionalized arrangement.Therefore,the welfare state is not just a sociological issue as a form of state.It is also a question of political science and the development of human civilization.In view of this,we can reflect on the state form in the perspective of political philosophy,fully examine its internal mechanism and reveal its developmental form and internal contradictions,so as to provide a reasonable solution.As far as the occurrence of time is concerned,the welfare state is obviously the product of the modern world.It is the principle of individuality that is highlighted.Then the state and the government intervene and regulate the social problems of individuals and appear to better solve the problem of individual survival,even further enhances the happiness of personal life.From a philosophical point of view,we need to pay attention to the two dimensions of the above-mentioned forms,the universal level represented by state intervention and the particular level of personal survival(right).These two levels are the internal structure of the welfare state.If this theoretical investigation is to be carried out,it is necessary to demonstrate the legitimacy of these two levels in the welfare state as a whole.Of course,this kind of proof is also in line with the characteristics of the general state.However,the uniqueness of the welfare state is that both the state and the individual achieve this legitimacy in the social field.Therefore,British sociologist Marshall believes that the social rights of individuals are the highest form of citizenship,and this is precisely the guarantee that the welfare state imposes on citizens in its legal form.After the above disclosure,the theoretical form of the inner structure of the welfare state is presented.In order for the problem to progress,it must also show its realistic form in the actual political life,which of course includes the specific type of the welfare state and its different stages in the history,and should also include its development in reality.The development mechanism and internal contradictions that emerged,and finally the contingency plan it provided in response to this contradiction.These are the entire realistic practices of the welfare state.From this we can see the spatial distribution of several types of welfare states that exist in the world today,and the spans that their development has experienced in history.It can be said that the achievements of civilization that we enjoy in the present era are the crystallization of this historical span.Although China has not experienced this kind of welfare state in the strict sense,it can share these results readily,in order to establish a welfare state with Chinese characteristics.Of course,while enjoying these results,people must also bear the pain of these national forms due to their inherent contradictions and conflicts.For the real life of people,these are not irrelevant.People can clearly feel the impact of each economic crisis on real life and the efforts of the welfare state in the response to the crisis.But these contradictions are like a lingering nightmare that pervades the welfare state and inadvertently traps the country in distress.Through the revealing of the German sociologist Orpheus,people realize that this contradiction is the congenital ills of the welfare state,the result of the contradiction and conflict between the selflessness of the welfare and the selfishness of capitalism.Through this disclosure,we can see that any existing solution provided in the development of the welfare state is only a temporary improvement measure,and cannot fundamentally cure this ill.This directly aroused the pessimistic attitude of some current sociologists to the welfare state.The voices of "final conclusions of the welfare state" and "after the welfare state" gradually spread.While giving solutions,they are also rethinking the legitimacy of the welfare state,and these programs are nothing but a continuation of a reform measure that weakens the country’s intervention intensity and makes it bend down to capitalism to reduce conflicts.The frequency and impact that occur.Since these programs do not substantially resolve the contradictions,why can’t we think backwards? Why can’t we break down capitalism and establish a suitable living soil for the welfare state? Marx and Hegel have convincingly revealed the inevitability of human alienation in capitalist society.It can be seen that they have discovered the selfish nature of capitalist society.Of course,we can naturally infer the fundamental conflict between it and the welfare state.Since the cave sees the inherent essence of capitalism,we can use their solutions to overcome capitalism and provide a new direction for the development of the welfare state.These programs are too much idealized because they are divorced from the continuity of the current development of the welfare state.But why can’t we think so,that is,this idealized plan may be the ultimate destination of the current welfare state? Moreover,the Marxist road that China adheres to is the ultimate solution to this contradiction,and provides a solid foundation for the ultimate ideal of the welfare state.