| The special theme of Water Margin " was formed and disseminated in a specific historical period.Different judgments on the theme and social value made its theme interpretation show distinct characteristics of the times.In the process of acceptance of "Water Margin",the theme of forest outlaws" is closely integrated with the value judgments of different times.Although its "significance" is not separated from "meaning",it often produces completely different thematic interpretations."Imperial robbery" and loyalty" are two basic themes of Water Margin".On the surface,fire and water cannot be tolerated.In fact,they are two sides of a problem:from the subject point of view,"Water Margin" tells the story of the "forest outlaws",and extrajudicial" plots and characters are common.Although there are outcomes of "returning to justice" in Zhaoan and the legendary name of the Qing Temple,extrajudicial travel is the most important theme.Most of the writers and receivers of the specific era hold a tolerant attitude towards the Water Margin,believing that the Greenlanders belong to the "disordered people"rather than the thieves","for disorder" is the helpless choice,and "loyalty is the affirmation of the existence value of the "Water Margin".Although there are many explanations of the theme of Water Margin",the connotation of "loyalty" has changed more obviously and key in different times,and arguments such as"blackmail" and "false loyalty " can also be regarded as different manifestations of the connotation of "loyalty",peasant uprising theory,writing for the citizens,loyalty and treachery struggle theory and lobby theory can also be regarded as the object of "loyalty" from "monarch" to "people".The ’ loyalty" theory is more inclusive than other themes.In view of the limited energy and learning,the time limit of the study on the theme of loyalty and righteousness " of the Water Margin is mainly confined to the ancient stage from Song to Qing Dynasty,and a few of them extend to the modern and modern stage.In addition,the theme of "loyalty and righteousness" of the Water Margin has a process of generation and dissolution.Because the terms"construction " and "deconstruction" of Western structuralist literary theory embody a certain process,the two terms are used as an important stage expression of the study of the process of "loyalty and righteousness " of the Water Margin.1、The Connotation of Theme and the Classification of "Water Margin"Thematic research of literary works has always been one of the important parts of literary research,especially of fiction research in China.Theme should include at least two aspects of the subject matter and value judgment,namely"significance " and meaning".The term novel and its related works appeared as early as the pre-Qin period.Through the creative practice of Wei,Jin,Tang and Song Dynasties,as one of the literary genres,novel in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,whether in length,content or social value,embodies the status of traditional fiction from inadvertent works to a new "classic".In the process of upgrading the status of the novel,the core values of different times are added to the specific works,which makes the "meaning " of the novel more close to Dao",which is particularly evident in the theme interpretation.The reason why "Water Margin" became a "classic" is the result of the modernization of novel concept,which is also the deepest reason.The direct reasons are the relaxation of cultural autocratic rule in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the advocacy and tolerance of the rulers for the novel,the praise and comment of scholar-bureaucrats,the rise of the citizen class,the popularization of culture,the rapid development of printing technology and so on.In the process of"Water Margin" canonization,the integration of Water Margin " and "loyalty" as the core values of the society at that time played an important role in promoting.2、The Construction of the Outlaws of Loyalty and RighteousnessHistorically,the events of Songjiang occurred and spread in the Song Dynasty.Under the background of the difficulties of Jingkang,partial safety in the Southern Song Dynasty and the weakness of force,similar things happened in the Southern Song Dynasty,such as recruiting and granting officials to Songjiang bandits in order to contribute to the country.Loyalty and righteousness were the core values recognized by the society from the top to the bottom.Li Ruoshui,who was named in the biography of Zhongyi in the Song Dynasty,wrote a poem named "Catching Pirates and Doing Sometimes".He put forward recruiting security is not a good policy",questioning whether "bandits" are loyal.However,in the context of the imminent demise of the Northern Song Dynasty,the Southern Song Dynasty was still too busy to look after itself,and recruiting security was a helpless choice;bandits who had fallen into the forest outlaws in troubled times had their own helplessness,recruiting security was their sincere expectation,while making contributions for the country" was their way to realize their own value.Loyal loyalty army,loyal people and loyal people were generally recognized by the society in a specific era,which was the "Water Margin”.The era foundation of the construction of the concept of loyalty and righteousness.Gong Kai wrote Thirty-six Praise of Song Jiang out of the mentality of Song Dynasty’s survivors.In the preface,he called the holy of theft" of Song Jiang a kind of "righteous courage" and criticized the "rogue officials and thieves " who had troubled the world by "praising " of the green forest.In Yuan Dynasty,Lu Youren once boated over Liang Shanluo,combined with Gong Kai s poems of "painting praise" to reflect on history,mentioned the success of Song Jiang’s conquest of Fangla,and implicitly pointed out that "work in disorder".Early Water Margin Opera" advocated the "justice" of Liangshan’s "doing things for heaven",which was the embodiment of the core values of the Yuan Dynasty,and it also became a partial expression of "righteousness" in "loyalty and righteousness’ of Water Margin.3、The Essentials of the Creation of The Water Margin of ZhongyiThe Water Margin of Zhongyi is the concise and concentrated story of Water Margin.Most of the existing novels in Ming Dynasty put Zhongyi" in an obvious position,and the "loyalty" in the text is repeated many times,which is not only the expression of the intention of the novel creation,but also the literary expression of the core values of the society at that time.Only in the traditional sense of Confucianism,"loyalty" originally meant "equivalence " and appropriateness",which had become one-dimensional "minister" obedience to "monarch" in the Song and Ming Dynasties,and the connotation of loyalty" itself had changed significantly.The novel creates a special context of "unfaithfulness" in the court by means of literary narrative,in which the monarch is dim,the adulterer is in power,and the officials are corrupt,which makes the able unable to live in temples and law society,and only "forced to go up to Liangshan".Song Jiang,the representative of loyalty,went through many twists and turns and tried to avoid "falling grass" several times,but eventually he went to Liangshan.Song Jiang,who became a bandit,created a"loyalty" atmosphere in the Shanzhai village,tried to seek security and return to the "law" society,borrowed the loyalty trip of Liao Dynasty and La Xing,and was still reluctant to give up "loyalty " when he was killed,so that he finally got the name of the temple in Qing Dynasty.Song Jiang,portrayed in Shuihu version of Shuihuzhuan,is the image of loyalty" in literature,which lays a solid foundation for Water Margin’s "loyalty concept".4、The transformation from loyalty" to "unloyalty" in Water MarginWith the wide spread of the novel,"loyalty" has become a unique value label for the existence of "Water Margin".Although Water Margin Opera" is mostly deduced by intercepting one of the Water Margin" passages or characters,the stories of Linchong,Wusong,Songjiang and other operas in the middle and late Ming Dynasty are different in emphasis,but they all embody the theme of "loyalty",which shows that the concept of loyalty" of the Water Margin is deeply rooted in people ’s hearts.Preface,postscript and commentary are important forms of novel research between Ming and Qing Dynasties.The interpretation of the theme of"Water Margin" is more direct,and most of them do not depart from loyalty".They are praised by praisers and belittled by doubters with false loyalty".Advocates of"loyalty to the Marsh" also have different manifestations,such as Tiandu Foreign Minister’s praise of "the Marsh" as national medicine,Li Zhi’s praise of the author’s intentions of anger,Rong and Tang and other editions of commentary on the content of the novel to carry out more loyalty" induction,is a different variant of"loyalty".Under the background of frequent uprisings in the late Ming Dynasty,Jin Shengtan reflected on the loyalty of the amnesty people and reflected this reflection with unfaithful”and false loyalty".Jin Shengtan wrote five prefaces by himself,explaining from various angles that the author of "Water Margin" had no intention of loyalty",but only out of the "leisure work" of the gifted scholar"Jinxinxiukou trying to free the novel from the burden of carrying Tao" and highlight its literariness;at the same time,Jin Shengtan cut down the "Water Margin " and finished the "loyalty" deeds of recruiting peace,expediting Liao and expediting Fang La.Abandoned altogether and adapted the text "Water Margin of the Fifth Talented Scholar" to highlight the "pseudo" of Song Jiang.The expression of Jin Shengtan’s literary concept of breaking out loyalty to the Outer Margin”is not only the expression of his new and brilliant literary concept,but also the reflection of his sense of current affairs.Behind it is the external expression of the change of values of the times.5、Deconstruction of Shuihu’s View of Loyalty and RighteousnessAlthough the Qing Dynasty ’s Water Margin Opera " was restricted by the overall framework of Water Margin",its content and character selection were more obvious than those of the late Ming Dynasty ’s loyalty" drama.The name of Xuanhe Pedigree is closely related to Xuanhe,which implies the criticism of the policy of Xuanhe.In Xuanhepu,there are many negative attitudes toward the water margin characters such as Songjiang,such as faithfulness,filial piety,lechery and incompetence of Wang Xiaohu,greed and treachery of Husanniang,while in contrast with the true loyalty,filial piety,honesty and righteousness of Wang Jin,Luan Tingyu,Hu Wenji and Hucheng,the evaluation of"loyalty and righteousness" is added to the opposition of Zhuliangshan Mountain.ZhongyixuanTu is the opera interpretation of the whole story of the Marsh.Within the framework of the whole content of the Marsh,it deliberately reduces the plot and dialogue of expressing the "loyalty " of the Marsh,and adds the true and true meanings of Li Ruoshui and Zhang Shuye to counter the "false and faithful of the people of the Marsh,and criticizes Song Jiang and others in the form of meditation"with nearly one tenth of the length.The strong backlash of the theory of righteousness.In addition,although the contents of "Water Margin" such as "Tiger Bullet" and "The Story of Stealing Arms " are related to the story of the Water Margin,they deliberately depart from the theme of "loyalty".Chen Chen’s "Water Margin Heritage" highlights some criticism of foolish loyalty".The owner of the Qinglian household Water Margin Heritage" also expresses the condemnation of "loyalty" for giving up the fruits of the uprising easily.Yu Wanchun’s The Water Margin not only destroys the characters of the Water Margin in the form of "dangkou",but also deconstructs the concept of loyalty and righteousness of the Water Margin from many aspects.6、Dissolution and Reconstruction of the Theme of "Loyalty and Righteousness"In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,modern concepts such as democracy,science and legal system flooded in,which not only conflicts with traditional values of loyalty,but also impacts on the interpretation of past themes.Especially after the collapse of the monarchy,the foundation of the traditional "loyalty " values collapsed,and the theme of the Water Margin " of the green forest with a strong color of resistance in the theme interpretation is becoming more and more important.New concepts and terms such as equality,democracy,utopia and socialism are constantly added to the interpretation of the theme of "Water Margin".At the same time,different inductions of the origins of Water Margin figures such as peasants,citizens,vagrants and refugees reflect the evolution of the connotation of our country from "human" to "people".The dissolution of the traditional concept of "loyalty" of the Water Margin reflects the core values of the times.Change and transfer.The connotation of loyalty" has changed,and the evaluation of Zhao’an and Zhengfang La,which are the most prominent expressions of traditional loyalty",has also undergone tremendous changes.The most obvious expression of"capitulationism textbook theory" is a new evaluation of Zhao’an from the contemporary perspective.In addition,"loyalty " refers to the object from the monarch to the nation,the state and the people.Meanwhile,the interpretation of"loyalty" is also added to the new meaning of treating each other fairly" and"mutual" era.The concept of "loyalty" has achieved some reconstruction. |
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