Research On Avant-garde Literary Criticism In The 1980s

In the history of Chinese contemporary literature,the 1980 s is usually defined as a "golden age",a flourishing age of literature.This kind of evaluation has many levels of consideration,some refers to the literary creation,the literary thought in full bloom and the fruitful results,and some refers to the free and full of passion of the overall literary environment and historical atmosphere.These are undoubtedly objective and convincing.However,there is another consideration basis that is often ignored by people,that is,the 1980 s is also a critical era,and it is an important era for Chinese contemporary literary criticism to usher in its own transformation.When talking about western literary criticism,American literary critic willerke once said,"the 18 th and 19 th centuries were once called the age of criticism.In fact,the 20 th century is the most deserving.in the first half of the 20 th century,contemporary western literary criticism experienced three major turns." One is the irrational turn.Second,the linguistic turn.Third,the cultural turn.These three great changes and the numerous critical schools have exerted a profound influence on the development of Chinese contemporary literary theory criticism.As we all know,due to social and historical reasons,Chinese literature had been trapped in the main social tide of national salvation and social revolution for a long time after the 1930 s.It did not follow the path of modernization initiated by the May 4th new literature step by step,which caused dislocation with the development of western literature.But in 1978 the third plenary session established the basic policy of reform and opening-up and thought liberation,occur in the first half of the 20 th century western theoretical criticism began to file into China,and Chinese literature and literary criticism to produce chemical reaction,and thus led to the significant changes of contemporary Chinese literary criticism in the 1980 s,welcomed a belongs to the Chinese literature of the era of "criticism".However,for a long time,the collation and study of literary criticism in the1980 s have been insufficient in the field of literary research,and the experience andlessons of literary criticism in the 1980 s need to be further summarized.Therefore,I take the literary criticism of this period as the object of study,and try to further supplement and perfect the research in this field.In the first chapter,the author firstly sorts out the historical context of the birth of pioneer literary criticism,and analyzes the objective conditions of the birth of pioneer literary criticism from the perspectives of political context and literary context.As an organic whole,literature in any era is closely related to politics,economy and culture,which permeates and interacts with each other.Literary criticism in the 1980 s is no exception.It is generated and grown in the interaction of various organic elements in society.Held in 1978,the third session of the eleventh full victory,opens up a whole to a new era of Chinese society,the conference of the policy of reform and opening-up and thought liberation laid the Chinese ship of the basic track to continue in the new era and the overall direction,the overall direction from fundamental became the starting point of developing social fields in the new era,the "new period" development change of literary creation and literary criticism also set and on this basis,it is under the total scheme of reform and opening-up growing out of a bright flower,also with its own life reaction literature creation and the development of times,and then into the torrent of reform.At the same time,under the influence of the spring breeze of ideological liberation,a large number of translations and introductions of western literary theories formed a new literary context.The strong injection of western literary elements brought new knowledge and vision to the development of literary criticism in the new period,and also prepared important theoretical weapons for the emergence of pioneer literary criticism.From a macro perspective,the changes in political and literary contexts formed a reform force to promote the development of the pioneer literary criticism in the 1980 s from both internal and external aspects.The second chapter Outlines the historical context and key nodes of the rise of avant-garde literary criticism centering on literary debates and literary conferences.The birth and growth of any new things are not smooth sailing,often accompanied by the hard struggle with the old things.The emergence of avant-garde literary criticism in the 1980 s is also a complicated,tortuous and dynamic historical process.Itdevelops and establishes its position in the struggle against the traditional and solid vulgar sociological criticism.Different from the social revolution,although the literary criticism revolution also has sharp contradictions and fierce struggles,it does not always appear in the social public sphere in an obvious form,but in a relatively hidden form in numerous literary conferences and various debates,stored in numerous critical texts.Therefore,it is not comprehensive to examine the process of its occurrence from the perspective of literary conferences and literary debates,but it has its rationality and effectiveness,which can present its rich historical context to the greatest extent.Centering on the debates of "three rising","hang zhou conference","1985 methodology conference","hai nan conference" and other influential literary conferences,this chapter probes into the process of transformation from the historical details,and tries to outline the macro context of the development of pioneer literary criticism in the 1980 s based on several conferences.In the third chapter,the author studies the main field of the avant-garde literary criticism in the 1980 s.The emergence of any literary trend of thought depends on certain media,especially the pioneering and revolutionary trend of thought.It is more important and more difficult to obtain the support of media.The avant-garde literary criticism in the 1980 s completed its own construction in the attitude of rebelling against the traditional literary criticism,and its main critical force was the young critics who lacked the right to speak and literary resources.In this situation,the support of the literary journal platform became particularly important.In the process of the prosperity of pioneer literary criticism,a number of journals provided a stage for the young critics to display the new literary criticism ideas by being forward-looking and inclusive.In fact,the investigation of these literary journals is also the investigation of the development trajectory and artistic characteristics of pioneer literary criticism,which has multiple meanings.This chapter takes several important literary periodicals,such as the current trend of literature and art,literary review,Shanghai literature,and contemporary writers review,as the objects of study.It not only probes into the critical texts in detail,but also summarizes the important role and significance of literary journals in this trend of literature and theenlightenment brought by it.The fourth chapter examines the main forces of vanguard literary criticism in the1980 s.In essence,the trend of thought of avant-garde literary criticism is a change of ideas,but it is also a change of people.It is bound to be accompanied by the birth of "new human" with new connotation,and "new human" will promote the occurrence and development of change with new ideas.There is a causal relationship between the two.Along with the occurrence of vanguard literary criticism thought was born in the1980 s a group named critics "fifth generation" of young critics groups,they are the new concept of literary criticism practitioners and innovators,they absorb the western literary theory criticism,applied in the 1980 s literary criticism practice,bear fruitful results.This group not only shines brightly in the 1980 s,but also plays an important role in the whole contemporary literary criticism that continues to this day.This chapter on research methods adopt the method of combining macroscopic investigation and case analysis,in the case study,selected the Wu Liang,Li Tuo,Cheng Depei three critics as investigation object,on the one hand,their criticism practice has the common features of vanguard literary criticism of change in the 1980 s,with a bright time,at the same time has a strong personal characteristics,formed a highly recognizable style of criticism.For their inspection,both help to summarize overall characteristics of vanguard literary criticism in the 1980 s,also can see pioneer literary criticism trend of development in the process of personal growth and transformation of course,in the overall trend,personal tend to have integrity,personal integrity of figurative expressionism,this chapter examined three critics has such typical namely.The fifth chapter of the thesis summarizes the critical ideas and discourse modes of the pioneer literary criticism in the 1980 s.Vanguard literary criticism "pioneering" embodied in the concept of criticism and critical discourse deconstruction and reconstruction,in my opinion,the vanguard of the 1980 s literary criticism has completed for the long-standing single social historical criticism in the field of literary criticism is beyond and construct,the criticism concept,method of criticism,criticism on the concept to get rid of the previous model,many new path to carve out.Specifically,the literary criticism is completed from the "external" to the return of the "internal",from the transfer of "content" to "form",and the criticism of "return to their own" practice,those changes broke the inherent paradigm of literary criticism,basically completed the reconstruction of the contemporary literary criticism paradigm,changed the whole appearance of the contemporary literary criticism.From a historical perspective,these features and concepts have exerted a profound influence on contemporary Chinese literary criticism after the 1990 s.This chapter focuses on the analysis of a large number of specific texts on the basis of a summary of the prominent characteristics of the 1980 s vanguard literary criticism and its value.The sixth chapter summarizes and reflects on the contributions and limitations of the avant-garde literary criticism in the 1980 s and its enlightenment to the development of contemporary literary criticism.As a critical spirit,the avant-garde literary criticism in the 1980 s widely exists in the whole historical process of contemporary literary criticism and has a profound influence on the outlook and pattern of contemporary literary criticism.However,as an important ideological movement,it basically ended in the late 1980 s and early 1990 s.To be sure,it is the most important in the history of literary criticism in contemporary times trend and criticism to change,it’s in the "reform and opening up" total solution under the guidance and tolerance to establish a new style of criticism and criticism of discourse,the dislocation of Chinese and western literary theory criticism has been basically achieved,set up the system of modern literary criticism,this is its outstanding contribution to the history.But at the same time also should see,because of some history,literature,the MDC also has many problems and defects,such as for western literary theory without identifying the absorption and use,such as the spread of individual words and perceptual thinking,etc.,the existence of these problems restrict the criticism trend higher in May,but as a trend of samples,it has very important reference value and its historical contributions together for the development of contemporary literary theory criticism provides important enlightenment.