From The Critique Of "Economic Rationality" To The Construction Of "Ecological Rationality"

Andre Gorz(1924-2007)is a famous left-wing thinker in France and is the main theorist of ecological Marxism.He made a sharp,profound and systematic critique of contemporary capitalism from the perspective of ecology.Its core idea is that under the guidance of Marxism,we should abandon the production and life style with economic growth as the main goal,follow the ecological rational production and life style,and achieve the transcendence of ecological socialism to capitalism.He critically criticized the economic rationality pursued by capitalism and demonstrated the necessity and possibility of following ecological rationality in ecological socialist society.He specifically described the utopian picture of ecological socialist society.Andre Gorz constructs two dimensions from "economic rationality" and "ecological rationality" to realize the combination of environmental protection and Marxism,it expands the contemporary vision of Marxist research,and it opens up a new stage of ecological Marxism development.The first chapter of the paper is the introduction,and the main part is the second chapter to the sixth chapter.The main part of the paper is the second,third and fourth chapters,the fifth and sixth chapters are the further extension of the research content,and the conclusion summarizes the core views of the paper.In Chapter one,the introduction introduces the background,significance,current research situation,research methods,innovation and deficiency of the thesis.In Chapter two,the paper makes an overview of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxist thought.First of all,the global environmental damage caused by the modern industrialization of capitalism in the 20 th century,the rise of the green movement in the world in the 1960 s,and the outbreak of the "May storm" in France are the social and historical background of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxism.Secondly,the ecological thought of the unity of man and nature of Marx and Engels,Sartre's existentialist philosophy of "easy-self-action" and the critical thought of technical rationality of the Frankfurt school are the ideological sources of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxism.Thirdly,economic rationality and ecological rationality are the two core concepts of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxism.From the criticism of "economic rationality" to the construction of "ecological rationality",it shows its overall logical framework.Finally,it is an important theoretical feature of the study on the politicization of ecology,seeking the all-round and free development of human beings,and realizing the combination of the criticism of economic rationality and the construction of ecological rationality.In Chapter three,the paper summarizes Andre Gorz's criticism of economic rationality.Firstly,Andre Gorz interpreted the connotation of economic rationality and further pointed out that the criticism of economic rationality is a further extension of Marx's criticism of the rationality of capitalist economy.On this basis,Andre Gorz criticized the capitalist division of labor,alienated consumption,science and technology,and education system under the control of economic rationality.It points out the nature of the suppression of human nature and exploitation of nature,such as the division of labor,false demand,unreasonable technology application,and education that negates human nature.In Chapter four,the paper combs Andre Gorz's ecological construction content based on ecological rationality.Andre Gorz depicts an ecological socialist landscape that follows ecological rationality,and then proposes a non-violent revolution that relies on feminist movements,"non-workers and non-class",and a general idea of relying on trade unions to complete ecological socialism.At the same time,he redefined socialism and advocated the transformation of capitalist science and technology.Finally,he describes the production methods and lifestyles that follow ecological rationality.In Chapter five,the author makes an assessment of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxist thought.The contribution and bright spot lies in the enrichment and development of Marx's crisis theory,alienation theory and Marxist natural view on capitalism;The defects and shortcomings lie in the contradictions in the understanding of capitalist science and technology,the one-sidedness of the construction of the main body of the ecological socialist revolution,and the utopianism of the concept of ecological socialism.In Chapter six,the paper summary the enlightenment of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxism on the construction of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.On the basis of a correct understanding of economic rationality,we should correctly understand the current situation of China's ecological civilization and achieve coordinated progress in economic growth and environmental protection without being affected by the principle of economic rationality.Under the guidance of ecological reason,we should construct the ecological civilization concept that follows ecological rational ecological politics and culture,ecological rational happiness and consumption,and ecological rational people and nature.At the same time,we should build a multivariate and co-governance environmental governance system led by the government to speed up the process of China's ecological civilization construction.The conclusion is the basic conclusion of the study of Andre Gorz's ecological Marxist thought:firstly,Andre Gorz's critique of economic rationality to the construction of ecological rationality constitutes the logical framework of his ecological Marxist thought.Secondly,if the development of society is governed by the principle of economic rationality,it will inevitably destroy the ecological environment.Therefore,China's economic and social development should be vigilant against the influence of economic rationality and oppose the development model with economic growth as its main goal.It is necessary to realize the coordinated progress of economic development and environmental protection through innovative development concepts.Thirdly,Andre Gorz regards the freedom of man as his ultimate goal,which contains his strong expectation of harmonious coexistence between man and nature;Fourthly,Andre Gorz's ecological Marxism has expanded the contemporary vision of Marxist research and opened up a new stage in the development of contemporary ecological Marxism.