A Study On The Royal Family With Politics Of Liao Dynasty

As occupying the core group in the dominance hierarchy at that time,royal family in Liao Dynasty had a profound influence on its politics.This paper exactly grasped such a perspective by attempting to utilize the royal group,to discuss the interactive relations between the royal family and the political & social development of the Liao Dynasty through researching on related issues.This paper was classified as three parts,including the Introduction and the Main Body and peroration:The Introduction,being an explanatory part of the research,mainly included the origin of the topic selection,current research status at both home and abroad,definition on related concepts,research methods & ideas,creative points,specific research frameworks,etc.,which further provided a basis for the discussion of the main body.The first chapter in this paper focused on the history and formation of the royal family in Liao Dynasty.In combination with the general situation on Khitan society development,this passage explained,how the Yelv ABaoJi family established its lofty status under the conditions of each tribe aristocracy was looking around and waiting for opportunity,and how it could become the royal family above the jurisprudence.The historical context,recorded in the history books on royal family,belonged to the linear trace of Khitan history by the later generations of official historian adding some of their own opinions,which included their own shaping and establishment of Liao royal family history.And,the Yelv ABaoJi family and Ke Tugan aristocracy joined the Khitan political group during chaos.Under the management of the ancestors of the Yelv ABaoJi family,the family power of Yelv ABaoJi family reached the top above various tribes,till the Dielatribe reaching the peak,so the Yelv ABaoJi family took place of the tribe union called Yaonianshi to complete the mission of “Make the family tribe to be changed as a nation” gradually.Therefore,Liao Dynasty wasestablished with its family becoming the royal family members.The second chapter of this paper focused on classification of royal family types and the combing of lineage.It was explicitly divided into the top royal family and second royal family based on whether the blood relation was close or distant,among which,the top royal family was the core and the second royal family belonged to the distant branch of the royal family of the Liao Dynasty.As the differentials of the status hierarchy,they were entitled to have different privilege and played different roles in both politics and daily life.In addition,this paper also meticulously revised the "The History of Liao","The List of Royal Family" and "The List of the Prince",examined,corrected,as well as,supplemented some information regarding on royal family,in combination with the inscriptions unearthed in recent years.The third chapter of this paper focused on the extensive social privileges enjoyed by the royal family of Liao Dynasty.They enjoyed the high-ranking officials' privilege,having political exemption power politically,so that the royal family could always maintain a lofty political status.They also enjoyed the economic privilege in building and arranging the troops,which fundamentally guaranteed the hereditary economic status.Additionally,they not only enjoyed the privilege of having priority to command the troops but also had a large number of private troops,which had always been an important military reserve force in the Liao Dynasty.In addition to have the power to learn traditional culture on Khitan,as the rulers paid more attentions on the formation of the Confucianism for the generations of the royal family,so the specified management institutes for royal family education were established to unify and standardize the management of the royal education.And,education on royal family directly influenced the ideals of the Liao nation management and the development of the social customs.The fourth chapter of this paper focused on the internal political relations of the royal family in Liao Dynasty.The rulers combined the Central Plains' patriarchal culture with the Khitan traditional secular system,re-adjusted the internal political relations,determined the honor and humiliation order formed by blood relatives,andconstructed corresponding principle of interest distribution.The adjusted royal relationship was hierarchical,and royal family with different statuses was elected to different levels of official positions,having various economic privileges,which led to some royal members not satisfied,causing frequent rebellion cases.Internal chaos and this nation's constant were the significant characteristics of royal family's internal relations,in early period the royal civil strife mainly focused on the succession of the throne,in the middle and late period the royal civil strife was mainly the naked power struggle.The fifth chapter of this paper focused on the relationship between royal family and other political forces.The royal family was the core of the ruling class in the Liao Dynasty,the dominance hierarchy also included the Khitan aristocratic group represented by the later Xiao,the nomadic cultural group represented by the Xi people,the Han culture group represented by the Han people and the Bohai people,so regarding on royal family and the political forces of all parties,through adjusting and interacting,it finally led to the royal family predominant political pattern of political participation of various political forces.The peroration of this paper focused on the political status transformation of the royal family and its influence on political situation.In the early period of the Liao Dynasty,the emperor largely used royal family members to maintain the rule and consolidate the imperial power,so the overall political status of the royal family was improved.In the middle period,the political status of the royal family declined as the influences including the royal civil strife,the post-national politics,and the political influence of the Han culture.In the late period,political status and influencing degree faded due to the influence of the chaos of the late race,including Yelv Jixin manipulated the power for personal ends,and the rebellion of the external Jurchens,etc.In the exploration of the historical changes of the Liao Dynasty,the rulers were successful to put the royal family in important positions.Royal family played a positive role in the political situation of the Liao Dynasty and completed the basic mission of supporting the imperial power,balancing foreign nationalities,andsafeguarding the rule of the Liao Dynasty.On the one hand,we could not neglect the negative influence of the royal family's greed on power and chaos on administration of the Liao Dynasty.On the other hand,it also fundamentally completed the basic mission of consolidating the rule,balancing foreign nationalities,and maintaining the rule of the Liao Dynasty.