A Study Of The Suffix "Shi" In Modern Chinese And Its Suffix Structure "X Shi"

Clitic is a phenomenon that exists widely in different types of languages in the world.On the basis of the theory of cliticization and in combination with the theories such as lexicalization,grammaticalization,subjectivization,constructionalization and prosodic syntax,this dissertation takes the approach of combining synchronic and diachronic level,qualitative analysis and quantitative statistics,phenomenological description and theoretical explanation,and makes comprehensive investigation and studies on enclitic shi(?)and clitic group X shi(X ?)in modern and contemporary Chinese.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the dissertation includes two parts with 12 chapters.The first six chapters analyze the enclitic shi(?)from different angles.From the perspective of synchronic level,and in combination with the relevant standards or principles of clitic judgments of different types of languages in the world,it judges enclitic shi(?)in modern and contemporary Chinese.On this basis,it distinguishes enclitic shi(?)and copula,adverb or affix.Starting from the prototypical categorization theory,it also points out the typical and atypical difference of enclitic shi(?),and attempts to summarize the characteristics of enclitic shi(?)from the aspects of phonetics,prosody,syntax,semantics and pragmatics.In addition to the synchronic level,it summarizes the different sources of enclitic shi(?)in modern and contemporary Chinese from the perspective of diachronic level,and analyzes the related motivations and mechanisms of the cliticization of enclitic shi(?),and the constraint factors for its further evolution.The enclitic shi(?)can be followed by a cumulative attachment in addition to a single attachment.The presence or absence of enclitic shi(?)does not have a significant impact on the syntax or semantics,but it will differ in pragmatics and belong to the redundant factor of the basic functions.As the degree of cliticization increases,enclitic shi(?)will develop into a complete redundant factor.The following six chapters analyze the relevant issues of different types of clitic group X shi(X ?).The host attached with enclitic shi(?)can be anything.From theperspective of word class,enclitic shi(?)can be attached to nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs,conjunctions,and so on.From the perspective of the construction of words,enclitic shi(?)can be attached to words,phrases,structures,and the like.In this part,from the different perspectives of constructional evolution,textual cohesion,subjective prominence,modality contrast,mirativity category,affirmative or negative category and sole statement,it focuses on selecting the representative clitic group X shi(X ?).It not only describes the synchronic performance of clitic group X shi(X?),but also traces the source of some clitic group X shi(X ?);not only qualitatively analyzes the related functions of clitic group X shi(X ?),but also quantitatively counts the frequency of clitic group X shi(X ?)in different periods of time.Through the study and analysis of clitic group X shi(X ?),we can further understand the related performance and functions of enclitic shi(?),and recognize the interaction between the host X and enclitic shi(?).The innovations of this dissertation mainly include the following aspects.Firstly,the description and mining of language facts.Shi(?)in modern and contemporary Chinese is diverse in function.In addition to copula,adverb and affix,there are also cases of enclitic.This dissertation fully describes the relevant performance of enclitic shi(?),explores a large number of use cases related to it,and puts forward the judgment standards of enclitic shi(?).Secondly,the perfection of the cliticization theory.Through in-depth study and analysis,this dissertation presents a deeper understanding of enclitic shi(?)in modern and contemporary Chinese,and also makes improvements on relevant theories such as lexicalization,grammaticalization and constructionalization.Thirdly,the integration of different categories.Based on the practical cases of enclitic shi(?)in modern and contemporary Chinese,this dissertation selects the reasonable components in the categories of modality,mirativity,and affirmative or negative,and makes multi-angle descriptions and studies of enclitic shi(?).Fourthly,the promotion of language use.In addition to the theoretical promotion,the research in this dissertation also plays a certain role in promoting the use of language,may provide reference for the compilation of related dictionaries,and is also conducive to teaching Chinese as a foreign language.