The Reconstruction Of Commercial Management System Of New China

This essay takes the perspective of the local government's business management as an example to explain the process of the basic position of the market mechanism,which promoting the commercialization of the business to the socialist track with the regulation of value laws,being replaced by the national plan under the circumstance of the country's orderly planning and active intervention.Based on this,this essay starts with the evolution of commercial ownership as a logical main line in each period and selects a special small business as a special topic to systematically discusses the following five aspects.First,the replacement of the old and new regimes,and the rebuilding of business order.Before the establishment of the CCP,the new-democratic business idea had been formed.After the establishment of the government,the CCP had practiced new-democratic commerce,and had adapted to the new environment by reorganizing the "Big Public-operated" and "Small Public-operated"commerce,reorganizing the "Businessmen's Path" of the cooperative's business,and conducted interest distribution policies for private business,etc.During the transition period between the old and new regimes,Wuhan adopted measures to recover and develop commerce by encouraging businesses to change industries,conducting materials exchange,and establishing a new commercial system.Second,the end of the "the Movement of Five Antis" and new-democratic commerce.Wuhan launched the strict "the Movement of Five Antis" campaign under the central government's call.The government has stepped up plans to intervene in private businesses.The government has to adjust the structure of the business plan again because of the over-restricted and over-sidelined actions on private businesses which leading to unbalanced commercial structures.As a result,the neo-democratic business came to an end in advance and provided the conditions for embarking on the socialist road.Third,the transition of capitalist business transformation and country's capitalist commerce.The contradiction between the planned market and the free market promoted the transition from new democracy to socialism in the commercial system during the "First Five-year Plan" period.In the transition process,the country's capitalism was used as a transitional means to form the country's capitalist commerce and used different socialist transformation methods on different forms of capitalist commerce such as wholesale commerce,retail commerce,and small commerce.Fourth,consolidate the adjustment of the planning system and socialist commerce.After the"First Five-year Plan," the planned system was established and the country began to work to stabilize socialist commerce.Due to the changing situation in the country,socialist commerce has also been adjusted several times.The country's adjustment of socialist commerce mainly starts from the planned and non-planned aspects.On the one hand,it carries out the reform of the government's commercial management system,and designs and arranges planned commerce from the national system and administrative level;on the other hand,it controls the free market and combats spontaneous business practices and limits unplanned factors.Fifth,the socialist road for small business hawkers.Compared with wholesalers and retailers,small business hawkers have special characteristics.They are among the national plans and free markets in the socialist road.Therefore,the country has adopted a relatively special method of attracting small businesses and hawkers to take the socialist road.The marginal status of small business hawkers reflects the policy and orientation of the country in dealing with government and market issues.Through the analysis of the five aspects above,the following conclusions have been drawn.From 1949 to 1966,the country's road to promote commerce to socialism experienced the formation of a new-democratic commercial idea before the founding of the government,and the establishment of a new democratic business in the early days of the founding of the government,the end of new democracy after the "the Movement of Five Antis" movement,the capitalist commercial transformation and the use of state capitalist commerce,and the historical evolution of the adjustment of socialist commerce during the period of consolidating the planned economic system.The way in which the country promotes the commercialization of the socialist road is to expand the planned market and reduce the free market.The power of commercial management falls into the repeated cycle of "receiving-decentralizing-receiving".As a special existence of "dual identity",the country encounters with the dilemma of choosing between "arranged policies" and "arrangement of excessively wide limits" when guiding small traders to follow the socialist road,and between rampant"adsorption in" and "adjustment out",in this case,small business hawkers thus become a"middlemen" that incorporate national plans and maintain marketability.During this period,the market and the government launched a long-term game of see-saw.In the face of the government's high-pressure management and control in the commercial socialist transformation,the market is not"waiting to be killed",but its viable survival strategies sought by its "spontaneous power" in different historical periods of the situation and policy changes is hard to eliminate.The country's initiative in the face of the market has adopted compromise postures over and over again,and it has even resorted to the use of class struggle and class opposition to restrict its development.Wuhan's commercial socialism road is unique compared to other regions,from consumption.In the transition from an industrial city to an industrial city,it shows more autonomy,more emphasis on strengthening business management power,more attention to the transformation and arrangement of small businesses,more emphasis on dealing with the restructuring of interests caused by the transfer of business,and more emphasis on the characteristics of internal and external material exchanges.