The Coexisting Phenomenon About "???³⁵z???²⁴????"and "Mo³⁵z???²⁴????" In ShaoYang Dialect And Analysis Of Cause

Negative is a very important Semantics and grammatical category.Compared with the only form of negative judgment in the Mandarin,there are two forms of negative judgment in ShaoYang dialect:"?35z?24(??)”and"mo35 z?24(??)".This paper describes their distribution and meanings in detail,and tries to explain the coexisting phenomenon about "?35z?24" and "mo 35 z?24",standing in such aspects:the collocation rule of negative words.cross-dialect comparison of negative judgment.cross-language comparison of negative judgment.This paper consists of six chapters,the main contents of each part are as follows:Chapter one introduces the coverage and object of the study,reviews the past research of the category of negation,points out the negative connotation,illustrates the research ideas and research methods and the data sources.Chapter two describes the basic characteristics of "?35z?24(??)”and“mo35 z?24(??)”Take "bu35shi51(??)”and "mei35shi51(??)”in Mandarin as reference,this chapter describes the distribution and meanings of the "?35z?q24(??)”and "mo35 z?24(??)".The conclusion is summarized as:“?35z?24(??)" focusing on the subjectivity,“mo35z?24(??)" focusing on the objectivity;"?35z?24(??)" focusing on the inferring,which can guide conditional sentence?subjunctive conditional sentences?choice relation clause.When in a particular nonemphasic context and context of the virtual,the opposing is disappear between "?35z?24(??)" and“mo35z?24(??)",and present a neutral state.The two main reasons of coexisting phenomenon are negative judgment having both subjectivity and objectivity.Chapter three probes the reason from the collocation rule of negative words.Take the collocation“bu51(?)" and“mei35(?)" in Mandarin as reference,this chapter research the collocation of "?35(?)”and "mo35(?)".There is similarity between Mandarin and Shao Yang dialect.The grammatical meaning of negative words“?35(?)”and“mo35(?)" can be summarized as:“?35(?)" focusing on unbounded component,"mo35(?)" focusing on bounded component;"?35(?)" expressing subjective negation,"mo35(?)" expressing objective negation.But there is exception,which are a few high frequency words,such as“bu51hao214(??)" can be spoken to "?35hao42(??)”and "mo35hao42(??)”?Excepting“shi51(?)”,“bu35yao51jin214(???)" can be spoken to "mo35jin42(??)”.The two main reasons of coexisting phenomenon can be summarized as:1.There is more delicate distinguish in dialect mood express,which lead to“?35z?24(??)”focusing on subjective negative judgment and"mo35 z?24(??)efocusing on the objective negative judgment;2.The generation of"mo35 z?24(??)”is also in the analogizing of "mo35 you42(??)" and "mo35 jin51(??)",which are answer components with high frequency in ShaoYang dialect.Because of this,“?35z?24(??)" is condensed to non-assertive sentence.Chapter four discusses the reason from the cross-dialect comparison of negative judgment.In this chapter,the negative judgment of the fifty-two kinds of relative southern Chinese dialect are divided into seven types.The form of the negative judgment in southern Chinese dialect includes“??????????????",etc.These forms appear unevenly,sometimes only one form,sometimes two forms coexisting,sometimes three forms coexisting,which is derived from the evolution of the negative words and impact of the common language.The main reasons of coexisting are lie in three aspects:1.The external causes is the evolution of common negative to existential negative in southern Chinese dialect;2.The internal causes is expressive division after competition in several negative words coexisting;3.The pattern of the evolution is words with high frequency have priority in lexical diffusion.Chapter five seeks the reasons from the cross-language comparison of negative judgment.In this chapter,we are going to realize the nature of the negative judgment inShaoYang dialect according the classification about language in Sino-Tibetan.The negative judgment of fifty-four kinds language in Sino-Tibetan divided into nine types.Based on available information,judgment is closely related to the mood in a lot of languages,in which people use different judgment verb to express different mood.On the contrary,people use different negative words to express different mood in Shao Yang dialect.From the view of cross-language comparison,the main reasons of coexisting are lie in two aspects:the judgment mood received attention in language of Sino-Tibetan,which make expression more elaborative.Chapter six offers a conclusion and several points for further study.In sum,the main reasons of coexisting lie in three aspects:1.As a judgment verb,"?" having both subjectivity and objectivity is the semantic basis about the coexisting phenomenon;2.The evolution of common negative to existential negative is the external causes;3.The internal causes is expressive division after competition in several negative words coexisting;4.As a high-frequency words,"?" have priority in lexical diffusion.Appendices are questionnaires designed by the author.