Examinatorial Poetics Researches Of Qing Dynasty

As we all know,there are great achievement in the research of classical poetry or that in Qing dynasty.But compared to this accomplishment,few were did in the field of examinatorial poetics,although there were lots of examinatorial poetry left until now,and also theorists like Qiling Mao,JiYun,YeBao all made great efforts to study it.Since examinatorial poetry belongs to imperial examinations literature,the research will be beneficial to grasp the development of the latter.Meanwhile,the research of classical poetic in Qing dynasty will be incomplete without it.This text based on the collection and theory work of different periods and summarized theories of test characteristics and achievements of different development stages with representative theory works as the core,grasped the development process from a macro point view in order to supplement the Qing dynasty poetics study and broaden the research field of classical poetry.In this paper,the introduction discusses the origin of examinatorial poetics and the test background,the different name of it and from the perspective of academic to define examinatorial poetry and judging standard of it,highlighting the selected functions as the imperial literature,and also general research situation and research status of this thesis.There are four parts expect the introduction.The chapter one,from the early Qing Dynsty to QianLong 22 years,the initial period of examinatorial poetics.At frist,eight-parts essay was used to select in the test.But in KangXi 18 years,the poetry was used to take the place of the eight-parts essay in "Boxuehongci" test.From then on,the Shi realized that poetry would take part in the imperial examinations system.At that time,more and more collection of examinatorial poetry of Tang dynasty appeared.The theorists tried to find the stylistic feature and composition rule of it."examinatorial poetry in Tang dynasty" was published in KangXi 40 years which was edited by Qiling Mao which was the earliest collection left.He took a lead in theory study and laid a solid foundation of the poetics reseacrh.Studying the Tang examinatorial poetry anthology in Qing dynasty,three aspects such as the stylistic attribution,poetry style and creative principle had been carried on the poetic of preliminary theoretical construction,setting the tone for the next research development by the theorists.But due to lack of creative practice,many shortcomings had appeared,for example,simple analysis,superficial thinking,short of personal creative subjective and random research and so on.The chapter two,from QianLong 22 years to later years in JiaQing,time of completion of examinatorial poetic.In QianLong 22 years,poetry began to join the select system,which sparked the theorists research enthusiasm.A large number of theoretical works were published.In this stage,the poetic research became gradually thorough and deep with the expression of feelings as the breakthrough point to analyze the stylistic feature and analyzed the essential difference between the poetry of test and Bieti poetry.Compared to outside world feelings array of the Bieti poetry,examinatorial poetry has its own array and with the correct,true and nature as the highest standard.However,its affection expression was under the influence of traditional standpoint of "Wen,Rou,Dun,Hou",and the strength and connotation quality were limited.Consequently,its aesthetic value was reduced considerably.ON the other hand,Bi and Xing were pulled away from the examinatorial poetry,which reduced the aesthetic value more rapidly.Finally,under the influence of Puxue research in QianLong and JiaQing,most of the theorist were also the scholar.They took the academic spirit of the practical penetrating into research that turned it to modernacademic appearance.The chapter three,examinatorial poetics of JiYun and its influence.JiYun was the most improtant theorist in the Qing dynasty whose three books written on basis of critical inheritance,summarized and developed the Qiling Mao poetic theory.Otherwise he opened a new era to collect the author in Qing dynasty instead of Tang dynasty what improved the writer's self-confidence in that time.With his theory,the examinatorial poetry in Qing Dynasty gradually isolated themselves from the influence of Tang dynasty and promoted the literary quality greatly.The chapter four,from DaoGuang to the late Qing dynasty,changesing period of examinatorial poetry.At that time,the poetry writing ability could not make any progress.The theorist has been forced to rethink the state of development and literary quality of the examinatorial poetry stimulated by the terrible environment.They came back to "the Book of Songs",including the poetry to the classical poetry groups and pointed out the difference between Tang dynasty and Qing dynasty.BianTi insisted the stylistic features of the poetry and refused to change.Otherwise,PoTi insisted transform the stylistic features and improve the presentation skill of the pretry against Bieti.During the argument between Bieti and PoTi,examinatorial poetry has changed its principle although its status was promoted and also the lyric function was strengthened.However,these were not the real texaminatorial poetry but classical poetry without the spirits of the former.In GuangXu 24,imperial examination system was abolished.And then,examinatorial poetry has disappeared for ever.In a word,poetics of examinatorial poetry inherited the traditional poetics,and possessed its own function features which included consistent aesthetic pursuit and unique feeling of the theorist in Qing dynasty.As one of the national characteristics research,examinatorial poetics researches of Qing dynasty has the existence value of itself.