Multi-perspective "but See One Proof Is" Research

Objective:By searching the literature,we found that the ancient doctors of different schools had various opinions to the words "Diagnosing with one manifestation" in Shang Han Lun.The discussion focused on which manifestation can be the indication of making the diagnose of Chaihu pattern.Most explanations are based on traditional Chinese medical theory.Some of the modern scholars have applied the method of statistics and data mining to solve this problem,but all the researches can still be improved.Based on their works,this article will do further exploration,but won't be limited to looking for what the "one manifestation" is.We try to find the way of thinking behind the words from the perspective of philosophy and logic and to depict the logical form of "Diagnosing with one manifestation".Methods:By searching on the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine,254 cases cured by Xiaochaihu decoction(XD)and 48 cases misused XD in ancient time were selected And Microsoft Excel 2016 was used as a storage tool.These two groups of cases were all treated with XD because of their similar manifestations,but therapeutic efficacies are reverse.The manifestations mislead doctors should be selected out to clarify the indications of using XD.Thus,the profcssional data mining software RapidMiner was used as a platform to do the frequent statistic and to create association rules between manifestations and herbs of both groups respectively.After comparing the results of two groups,we can make a conclusion.And then 57 cases which were cured by the original XD or only with one more herb were selected from the 254 cases and merged with the 48 cases as a group.Sort out the symptoms and signs as the independent variables and set the therapeutic effect as the dependent variable.The dependent variable value is 1 in the cured group,and 0 in misdiagnosis group.And then the logical regression analysis was performed by using SPSS20.0 to find out the symptoms and signs that had the greatest contribution to the therapeutic effect.Secondly,based on the articles in Shang Han Za Bing Lun,and the fuzzy set theory and prototype category theory,the four prerequisites of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" and the content of "Chaihu pattern" were explained.We also find the ancient Chinese philosophical fondations of "Diagnosing with one manifestation".Finally,logical form of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" was build accordiong to the intermediary logic.Results:1.Statistics analysis shows that hypochondriac pain can be used as an indication of diagnozing Chaihu pattern.And others,such as alternative chills and fever,thirst or headache paired with wiry pulse can also be regared as the indications.XD can also treat for the inflammatory swelling and pain around the ear or breasts.However,if the headache,aversion to cold or delirium accompanied by fever at the same time,doctors should not use XD.2.The original thinking of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" can be found in the philosophical classics before Han Dynasty.The basic of this idea is in the Zhou Yi.3.Since Chaihu pattern is a fuzzy category,symptoms and signs which are nearer to the prototype can be used to diagnose Chaihu pattern with the rule of "Diagnosing with one manifestation".4.Because of the vagueness of Chaihu category,the judgment "Diagnosing with one manifestation" is also uncertain.Therefore,the intermediary logic can be applied to describe proposition rather than the classical logic.Conclusions:The reseach of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" should be comprehensive and multi-perspective.The medical records,in which the XD are misused are also worth analyzing.The rule of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" has its advantages,but there are also limitations.In a diagnosis and treatment process,using the rule of "Diagnosing with one manifestation" once often can not get the ideal results.Doctors not only should use it several times,but also need to pay attention to the contraindications."Diagnosing with one manifestation" is not only the diagnostic principle of Chinese medicine,but also a method of making a jugement in modern medicine or other fields.Therefore,the logical form of"Diagnosing with one manifestation" is also applicable to other fields.