| Part 1 Study on the changes and its possible mechanisms of intestinal microecology system in T1DM rat modelObjective:To explore the changes and its possible mechanisms of intestinal microecology in T1DM rat model.Methods:T1DM rat model was established by streptozocin intraperitoneal injection,divided into three groups.Group A,normal control.Group B,T1DM model without any treatment.Group C,T1DM model treated with insulin.There are 12 rats in each groups.The gut microbiome,serum glucagon like peptide 1(GLP-1),glucagon like peptide 2(GLP-2)and insulin levels,colon tissue GLP-1 and GLP-2 levels were detected at 14 days of insulin usage by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and western blot,respectively..Results:The T1DM rat model was established successfully by streptozocin intraperitoneal injection.As for the 36 cases of faeces,35 cases(97.22%)were sequenced and analyzed successfully and only one cases(2.78%)in the control group was aborted.There were no alpha and beta diversity between the three groups and 35 faeces samples(P>0.05).The intestinal microflora of rats were identified with 17 phylums,76 families and21 genuses,which were much different among the three groups(P<0.05).Proteobacteria was different among three groups at phylum level.Prevotellaceae,Eggerthellaceae and Lactobacillaceae were different among three groups at family level.Helicobacter,Prevotella,Parabacteroides and Blautia were different among three groups at genus level.The colonic mucosa was complete in group A and C,wihle which was incomplete and damaged in group B.The levels of GLP-1 and GLP-2 in serum were much higher in group A(0.82±0.26 ng/ml vs 2.10±0.68 ng/ml)as compared to group B(0.58±0.14ng/ml vs 1.64±0.21 ng/ml)(P<0.05).While the protein expression level of GLP-1 and GLP-2 in colon tissue showed the same changing trends as that in serum.Conclusion:The intestinal microflora of T1DM rat were different with the normal control,insulin treatment can improve partly the changes,GLP-1and GLP-2 might participate in the course.Part 2 Study on the clinical characteristics of childhood T1DM combined with neutropenia and its possible mechanisms(?)Report on the clinical characteristics of childhood T1DM combined with neutropeniaObjective:To report the clinical characteristics of childhood T1DM combined with neutropenia.Methods:The clinical data of childhood onset T1DM who hospitalized in Hebei medical university third hospital and children's hospital of Hebei province from January,2016 to December,2018 were summaried.Serum G-CSF and GM-CSF levels were detected in those who complicated with neutropenia.Results:There were 38 cases of childhood onset T1D during these period had been diagnosed and treated in Hebei medical university third hospital and children's hospital of Hebei province,while only 6 cases(15.79%)had neutropenia.The diagnostic ages of the 6 cases ranged from 5 to 12 years.Diabetic ketoacidosis was complicated in 5 cases.Neutropenia happened within 14-21 days of the onset of disease and 3-11 days after using insulin,respectively,and returned spontaneously to normal range within 5-9 days.The serum levels of G-CSF and GM-CSF increased obviously before the usage of insulin in all 6 cases,and decreased to normal range after the usage of insulin.Conclusion:Neutropenia can be seen in childhood onset T1DM,and can return spontaneously to normal range without special treatments.The possible mechanisms might be the regulation effects of insulin on G-CSF and GM-CSF.(?)Study on the changes and its possible mechanisms of granulocytesObjective:To explore the changes and its possible mechanisms of granulocytes in T1DM rat model.Methods:Blood routine,serum and lymphocyte G-CSF and GM-CSF levels were detected at 14 days of insulin usage by complete blood cell count,ELISA and western blot,respectively,in the established T1DM rat model.Results:Granulocytes were reduced in group C(4.65±1.43×10~9/L)as compared to group A(6.87±2.02×10~9/L)and group B(7.15±2.34×10~9/L)(P<0.05).The serum levels of G-CSF and GM-CSF were much higher in group B(48.65±10.93 pg/ml vs 9.72±3.20 pg/ml)as compared to group A(20.34±4.37 pg/ml vs 4.60±0.78 pg/ml)and group C(28.72±8.13 pg/ml vs5.85±1.36 pg/ml)(P<0.05).While the protein expression level of G-CSF and GM-CSF in lymphocyte showed the same changing trends as that in serum.Conclusion:Granulocytes reduction was also seen in T1DM rat model,which was also related to serem G-CSF and GM-CSF decrease induced by insulin treatment. |
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