| Background:The incidence of obesity and hypertension keeps increasing,both of which are important factors contributing to cardiovascular disease?CVD?.With the development of society and the change of fertility policy,it is reasonable to believe that the incidence of CVD in women would further increase.It is an important subject to distinguish the relationship between female reproductive factors and CVD,and to identify high risk factors so as to protect women's health.Objective:To assess whether age of menarche and number of live births are associated with obesity and hypertension,and how to explain this association.Methods:Database A and B which included most female population in Chongqing were established and were examined by running in SAS and SPSS software in this study.The data were grouped according to age of menarche and the number of live births of women.Data were processed and analyzed by binary logistic model to achieve ORs;and sex hormone levels in database B were further examined.Results:A total of 7,119 women were enrolled in database A,with an average age of 44.7±19.7 years,and the number of live births was 2[1,2].The odds ratio?OR?values across each menarchal age group??11,1213,1415,1617,?18?for obesity were:3.75[1.35-10.41],1.15[0.90-1.48],1?referent?,0.92[0.75-1.12]and 0.74[0.58-0.96](Ptrend<0.001);for hypertension:0.38[0.13-1.08],1.03[0.80-1.33],1?referent?,1.21[0.98-1.49]and 1.39[1.08-1.80](Ptrend=0.03).The OR values of each live birth group?0,1,2,3,?4?for obesity were:1.32[1.10-1.58],0.41[0.29-0.58],1?referen?,1.21[1.00-1.47]and 1.26[1.02-1.54](Ptrend<0.001);for hypertension:0.29[0.24-0.35],0.09[0.05-0.16],1?referent?,0.23[0.18-0.28]and 0.52[0.42-0.64](Ptrend<0.001).Database B included a total of 1,039 women,with an average age of45.0±13.2 years and a number of live births of 1[1,2].The ORs across each menarchal age group??12,1314,?15?for obesity were:1.71[1.10-2.64],1?referen?and 1.22[0.82-1.82](Ptrend=0.048);for hypertension were:1.18[0.75-1.84],1?referent group?and 1.03[0.69-1.53](Ptrend=0.78);sex hormone levels did not differ among menarchel age groups.The ORs of each live birth group?0,1,2,3,4?for obesity were:0.41[0.19-0.87],0.56[0.37-0.85],1.00?referen?,0.93[0.47-1.83]and 0.39[0.13-1.15](Ptrend=0.02);for hypertension were:1.07[0.48-2.38],1.06[0.68-1.64],1.00?referent group?,0.51[0.25-1.06]and 1.37[0.48-3.92](Ptrend=0.35).Serum dehydroepiandrosterone and prolactin levels were both lower in the group with live birth of 2,especially prolactin reached the lowest level of18.95[10.54-27.36].Conclusion:In Chongqing where economy is relatively undeveloped,compared with the menarcheal age of 14 years,women with early or late menarche were at greater risk of obesity,whereas women with late menarche were at greater risk of hypertension.Hormone levels failed to explain this association in this present study.Women with a live birth of 2had a higher risk of obesity and hypertension,whereas women with live birth of 1 had a lower risk;the risk of neither obesity nor hypertension was preponderant in women who had no experience of childbirth;low serum level of dehydroepiandrosterone and prolactin may explain the mechanism of female with 2 living children experiencing obesity. |
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