PiRNA Disease Association Database And The Sex Dimorphism Of RNA Expression In Different Brain Regions Of Natural Aging

PIWI-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)are distinctive and major subclass of small ncRNAs,first discovered in 2006 in Drosophila Melanogastegerm cells 24-31 in length.Since its discovery in germ cells their role was discovered and confined in germ cells to maintain the genomic integrity and architecture in germ cells specifically in spermatogenesis,ovulation and early development.Recent progression of high-throughput sequencing methods(Microarray,small RNA-seq)in this field disclosed piRNAs expression and functional role in somatic cells in spatial temporal manner.piRNAs functional role has been implicated in somatic cells in as well as epigenetic regulation during development.Topical investigation of piRNAs role in disease association has been elucidated in many studies published in recent years revealing piRNAs exclusive role as biomarker in various diseases,and functional implications regulating key genes,disruption of regulation of these genes can lead to disease prognosis.There are several databases are available for piRNAs cluster,such as pirnabank,piRNAQuest,piRbase,provides sequence and location information in various organism,but there is no database related piRNA disease association.So we manually collected all the published data related to PIWI-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)associated with diseases,reviewed,filter,sorted,synchronized,and classified to build a novel comprehensive database based on piRNAs disease relationship in wide range of diseases.Sexual dimorphism has been a burning issue in recent past,in recent years’,genotypic approach and incorporation of high-throughput methods have revealed further insights related to sexually biased genes.Apart from primary and secondary sexual characters,brain is the most extensively studied part of human and other vertebrate model organism’s body.But sexually biased studies related to aging are still limited,so here by we used 4 old and young mouse brain regions,olfactory bulb(OB),hypothalamus(HT),hippocampus(HC),and cerebellum(CB)to compare for differentially expressed genes(mRNAs)and non-coding genes(lnRNAs)in male and female.We observed striking quantitative difference in OB where M/F sex biased ratio was higher in male for both mRNAs and IncRNAs,whereas in other three regions HT,HC,and CB higher in female.Subsequent analyses expressional biased,GO,evolutionary and co expression network analysis also revealed that there is evident sexual dimorphism in mRNAs and IncRNA expression in male and female mouse brain regions.