| Objective: Exercise can help diabetes patients with blood sugar control,reduce the risk of complications and prevent muscle lesions.But exercise-related blood glucose fluctuations are a confusing problem for people with diabetes.The aim of this study was to observe the effects of Shenqi compound recipe on blood glucose and skeletal muscle changes in diabetic rats,and to explore the methods of improve blood glucose homeostasis and diabetic skeletal muscle lesion in diabetes mellitus by TCM.Methods: To build up diabetes mellitus model,32 male Wistar rats were fasting intraperitoneal injected with 55mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ).The diabetic rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,Model group(D),Exercise Group(E),Chinese Medicine Group(F),and Exercise plus Chinese Medicine Group(H),with 8 rats in each group.The other 6 Wistar rats were control group(C).During14 intervention time,Group F and H Group rats were irrigated with Shenqi compound recipe once a day,while other rats were irrigated with saline.Group E and H rats swimmed without load for 1 hour per day in continuously 14 days,after 3 days of adaptive exercise.Blood glucose was detected before exercise,30 minutes in exercise,0 minutes,30 minutes,1 hour,2 hours and 3 hours after exercise respectively.After the last exercise in the end of 2 weeks,the rats were executed,blood sample was separated to get serum,the liver tissue and bilateral gastrocnemius muscle tissue were collected.The levels of serum insulin,glucagon,liver glycogen and muscle glycogen were detected by ELISA.The level of SOD in the left gastrocnemius muscle tissue was detected by colorimetric method,and the level of MDA in muscle tissue was detected by enzymatic method.HE staining was conducted to observe the skeletal muscle cell morphology of the gastrocnemius muscle in the right upper segment.The GLUT4 m RNA expression and protein content of the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of the right lower segment were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.Data were analyzed by SPSS23.0.Results: After 2 weeks of intervention,compared with group C,the D group rats had a significant decrease in body weight,and general condition was poor.Body weight of E,F and H group keep stable during the intervening period and were lower than group C.General state was best in group F,group H was second,group E was poor.During the intervening period,in the 5th day,fasting blood sugar of group E and H appeared a large decrease,part of rats in group E had hypoglycemia.In the 14 th day.The fasting blood glucose was stable in Group D,and decreased steadily in Group F.Group E showed a significant downward trend of blood sugar in and after exercise.Group H showed a transient rise of blood sugar in and after exercise,then returned to the level before exercise.After 2 weeks of intervention,the insulin level of each diabetic group was significantly lower than that in the control group,each intervention group was significantly higher than group D,in which group F was the highest,group H was the second,group E was the lowest and had a statistically significant difference with group F.The level of glucagon in each diabetic group was significantly higher than that in the control group,in which group H was the highest,group E was the second,group D was the third,group F was the lowest and has significantly differences with group E and H.Liver glycogen level in each diabetic rat was significantly lower than group C.Group E,H and D had similar hepatic glycogen level,each was significantly lower than group F.The level of muscle glycogen in diabetic rats were also significantly lower than group C,the level in each intervention group was similar,all significantly higher than Group D.The degree of pathological changes of skeletal muscle was D>E>F>H=C.SOD level in groups had no significantly difference.Compared with group C,MDA level in was elevated group D,and was slightly lower in group E,but the difference was not significant,followed by H group,there were significant differences with each group,group F was the lowest,and had significant difference with each group.Compared with GLUT4 m RNA level in group C,group D showed a significant increase,group E and H increased slightly,group F decreased and were significantly different with group D.Western Blot assay showed that GLUT4 protein level in group D and H were higher than group C,group E and F were significantly higher than group C and group D.Conclusions:1.Shenqi compound can improve the general state of resting and exercised diabetic rats,and it has a stable effect on reducing blood glucose with the intervention time.Shen Qi compound also has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on the rapid decline of blood glucose during and after exercise,and can prevent the occurrence of hypoglycemia in the rats after exercise.It is indicated that Shen Qi compound has a good effect of both anti-hyperglycemia and anti-hypoglycemia to keep blood glucose homeostasis.2.The mechanism of blood glucose stability of Shen Qi compound in exercised diabetic rats may be the promotion of insulin secretion and the bidirectional regulation of glucagon in diabetic rats,to promote the synthesis of glycogen,muscle glycogen and the regulation of GLUT4 protein expression in multilevel,thus ultimately achieve a balance between the blood glucose state and the demand for energy of muscle tissue.3.Swimming and Shen Qi compound were helpful for the improvement of diabetic skeletal muscle lesions,and the combined exercise of Shen Qi compound could improve the skeletal muscle lesion of diabetic rats.4.The protective effect of Shen Qi compound on skeletal muscle of diabetic rats may be achieved by lowering blood sugar,promoting insulin secretion,increasing muscle glycogen,reducing oxidative stress,and raising GLUT4.The skeletal muscle lesions of the exercise-induced diabetic rats may be achieved through a more stable level of blood glucose and further reduction of oxidative stress.5.From the perspective of TCM,Shen Qi compound because of its comprehensive clean heat,Solution Ying stagnation,Yin Jin,tonic vitality,so that diabetic rats can tend to achieve equilibrium between yin and yang,so that when the movement can enhance the use of Qi,regulating the transport of Qi,so as to stabilize blood sugar and protect skeletal muscle. |
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