| The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dual-tasking on arithmetic performance and motor parameters in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease(PD)without dementia.The impact of arithmetic task complexity on behaviors was also examined.Sixteen patients with PD(ages 44-79,7 women;Hoehn and Yahr stage I-II)and 15 young adults(ages 25-27;8women)were enrolled.The patients with Parkinson’s disease completed 9 neuropsychological measures(UPDRS,GFQ,FOGQ,ABC Scale,MMSE,MoCA,PSQI,HAMA,HRSD,MOS-SS-C).Arithmetic performance,motor parameters and behaviors related to over-load were measured under single(arithmetic task only a motor task only)and dual-task(arithmetic task during 2 minites walking,iTUG,and 360° turning)conditions.In addition,dual-task cognitive costs were calculated.Arithmetic performance showed significant difference between controls and PD patients during single or dual-tasking conditions,only the patients had a significant decrease in arithmetic performance during motor processes.Gait parameters of patients differed significantly from controls at single and dual-task conditions,the performance of overload were observed indicating that patients gave priority to calculation while arithmetic performance suffered.Dual-task cognitive costs of patients increased with digit complexity,reaching significantly higher values then controls in the arithmetic task,which was correlated with scores on MMSE and MoCA.These findings provide insight into the over-load behaviors companied with the PD patients in the phases of the disease to manage dual-task interference.Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a newly weight baring alignment exercise(WBAE),the traditional strengthening exercise and the traditional standing exercise on anterior pelvic tilt in the children with cerebral palsy.Methods 25 patients with spastic diplegia and anterior pelvic tilt,without known neurological impairment,were randomized into 3 groups,receiving weight baring alignment exercise,Standing training,and Strengthening exercises.The meassures of anterior superior iliac spine-posterior superior iliac spine angle(ASIS-PSIS angle),anterior-posterior angle(A-P angle)and lmin walk test were used for each patient before and after 4 weeks.These were carried out for 20 min per day,5 times per week and for 4 weeks.Each of the patients accepted the occupational therapy,speech and language therapy or sensory integration training for about 1.5 hours a day.Patients of the strengthening group accepted the resistance training 20 min a day,those in the standing group got the standing training for the same time,theWBAE group got the weight baring alignment exercise for 20 min as well.Results Significant increases of ASIS-PSIS angle of(18.61±3.13)°,A-P angle of(25.31 ±3.81)°,and 1min walk test of(25.81±12.61)m in WBAE group,(15.82±6.44)m of 1min walk test of(25.48±4.33)m in Strengthening group,(P<0.05)were recorded.When comparing the three groups with ANOVA(a=0.05),significant difference of the ASIS-PSIS angles between three groups has been observed(P=0.02).To compare each two groups,ASIS-PSIS angles and 1 min walk test of WBAE group showed the statistic difference,and the difference in means of the angles mentioned was above 6°.Conclusion These results underline the importance of The WBAE which may be effect to fix the anterior pelvic tilt in children with cerebral palsy.To solve the difficulties,alignment accuracy,voluntary standing,and dynamic adjustment,of the postural control of the children of cerebral palsy,we degined a newly method which has been proved to be effective and efficient,and a devise which has been awarded the invention patent in April 2018.The designs were based on the theories of cognition and motor learning,and have realize the acquiements of accurate,voluntary and dymanic postural control by the process of off-load to add-load. |
