The United States And Global HIV/AIDS Governance

Economic globalization has not only brought great welfare but also many global issues to human beings.In the field of global health,the transnational infectious diseases,such as HIV/AIDS,mad cow disease,SARS,avian flu,pandemic influenza and others,have increasingly become the threats to the survival and development of human society,among which HIV/AIDS governance is the most typical conundrum in global health.As a world power,the United States has actively participated in and led global HIV/AIDS governance.In fact,U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance is an important part of U.S.participation in global governance,including global security governance and global health governance,which are all subject to the U.S.foreign strategy.The United States global HIV/AIDS governance policies reflect a balance between its international morality and national interests.The American perception to global HIV/AIDS governance is a gradual process.In the critical period of the Cold War and the eve of a new world order,America's foreign policy didn't focus on HIV/AIDS issues.While fighting against the global terrorism after 9/11,U.S.came to realize it can not go outside of global infectious diseases.Its Mainstream media has prompted U.S.government to recognize the enormity and importance of the global HIV/AIDS governance.U.S.Congress has also provided economic and legal foundation for global HIV/AIDS treatmentAt present,there are three mechanisms of global AIDS governance.Those are formal,informal and public-private cooperation governance.The roles of WHO,UNAIDS,international NGO,G8,G20,Global Fund and other actors in global health governance have been overlaped,but with inefficiency and lack of funds.U.S.has played a "helmsman" role,to promote the development of global multi-level governance system,constantly improve the global HIV/AIDS Governance Network,and try to link its global HIV/AID net with the Global HIV/AIDS Governance Network.Meanwhile,U.S.global HIV/AIDS super-governance network tends to comparatively be stable,even if there are certain behavior errors in the network chain,which will not affect the overall situation of the U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance.U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance has gone through Clinton,George Bush and Obama administrations.Leadership and Investment in Fighting an Epidemic:A Global AIDS Initiative(LIFE)of the Clinton administration is the start of U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance.President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief(PEPFAR)of Bush administration is symbolized as a peak of U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance as the "Marshall Plan".From 2009 to 2014,the implementation of Global Health Initiative in the Obama administration marks the continuation and expansion of U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance.As a pragmatic country with long-term goals in decision-making and behavior skills,two major subjects of U.S.diplomatic ideas lie in benefits and responsibility.The reason of U.S.active participation in global AIDS governance is its anti-HIV/AIDS drugs manufacturing companies' dominance position in the global market.Old WTO patent regime partly causes poor countries not to afford the high price of HIV/AIDS drugs.The United States accuses the developing countries of implementing HIV/AIDS drugs "compulsory licensing measures" in response to HIV/AIDS crisis.Pushed by the developing countries,international organizations,and NGO's struggles for "patients should have their medicine",U.S.finally abandoned the lawsuit in order to maintain the global public health order.On the one hand this is a manifestation of American international humanitarian spirit;on the other hand it also witnesses that the United States as the most powerful country has reached a compromise in the global health governance issues with other various actors.The U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance has helped health governance go towards a "good governance".While expanding its influence in recipient countries,U.S.also has established its image of a merciful power.The U.S.global HIV/AIDS governance inspires that China should further participate in global health governance,strengthen health diplomacy,and highlight new media's role in global health governance.