Research On The Influence Of Forest Landscape Pattern On Forest Cultural Value Based On Perception In Mount Tianmu,Zhejiang P.R.China

Some southern collective forest areas continue to expand the area of economic forests and change tree species frequently for economic value,which leads to increasing landscape heterogeneity and fragmentation,and the ecological value and cultural value of forests continue to decline in China.Based on the idea of "mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes and grasses are a common living body",we studied the impact of forest landscape pattern on forest cultural value perception in landscape level.At first,the forest cover change characteristics of Mount.Tianmu from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed,and the forest landscape pattern differences between the reserve and communities and between different communities in 2017 were compared by using remote sensing interpretation technology and landscape pattern index analysis.Secondly,we analysed the connotation and composition of forest culture value,and forest culture condition in Mount Tianmu,then built a forest culture value perception evaluation index system.Recreational,aesthetic,physical and mental health,cultural heritage,education,scientific research,local sense,spirit and religious perception of community residents,tourists and experts were studied by the evaluation index system.Thirdly,we analyzed the difference of forest cultural value perception of community residents to communities with different matrix types by using comparative analysis method,and the correlation of pattern index of different landscape types to forest cultural value perception by using correlation analysis method,then discussed the impact of landscape pattern on forest cultural value qualitatively and quantitatively.On this basis,the forest culture value balance model and forest culture value prediction model were constructed.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The reserve and communities were in opposite succession and different forest landscape pattern because of different forest management.Natural forest with increasing area and decreasing fragmentation is the main landscape in reserve.Communities can be called as “natural forest matrix community”,“natural forest-bamboo forest matrix community”,“bamboo matrix community”,“mixed matrix community”according to the natural forest and economic forest area ratio,and in the human activity region,the matrix of all community has changed to bamboo and hickory forest.The community landscape showed the change trend of natural forest area decreasing,economic forest area increasing,degree of fragmentation and degree of shape complexity increasing.(2)Forest cultural values were high in Mount.Tianmu,and the value in reserve were higher than those in community totally.Health,aesthetic and recreation values were the most characteristic forest cultural value types both in reserve and community,and education and scientific research values were also higher in Mount.Tianmu.Moreover,the evaluation results of the three groups are relatively consistent.(3)The forest cultural values in different communities were evaluated and compared by community residents.It was found that forest culture values in “natural forest matrix community” were higher than those in other communities totally,and the difference within the communities were small.The scores cultural values of “bamboo forest matrix community” and “mixed matrix community” were similar,and the difference within the community were large.(4)However,matrix type was not the only landscape factor that affects the forest cultural values perception.The forest cultural value perception was jointly affected by multiple landscape factors,and the landscape pattern index of different landscape types also had an impact on the forest cultural value.It was found that keep area ratio of natural forest,control area ratio of bamboo forest,hickory forest,and other artificial landscapes,such as building and road,can increase forest cultural values in Mount.Tianmu.And increased shape complexity or connectivity of natural forest landscape,or bamboo aggregation degree,reduce man-made landscape fragmentation also can increased forest cultural value in Mount.Tianmu.The relationship between spiritual and religious value and forest landscape index was not significant.Therefore,in order to realize the sustainable development of forests and communities,it is necessary to make it clear that "mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes and grasses are a common life",expand forest management from forest stand level to landscape level,and bring forests,communities,waters and roads into forest management.Then,through appropriate policy means,promoting tourism value,creating characteristic agricultural products and other measures,improve the unit benefit of economic forest,control the expansion of its area and the frequent replacement of tree species,protect the natural forest,and achieve the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.