| Agglomerations are the product of globalization and marketization,and the space of national regional development strategy.In 1990 s,the Bay-area became the research object of the academic,it has experienced the development process from regional planning practice to national development strategy.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to refine the spatial development mode of the Bay-area through the empirical research on the evolution of the spatial form around the Pearl River Estuary Bay-Area.This paper defines the Pearl River Estuary Bay-Area as Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Dongguan and Zhongshan,plus Foshan.Based on six cities,this paper starts from the evolution process of the agglomeration around the Pearl River Estuary,and focuses on three core issues: first,what are the morphological characteristics of the construction space and ecological space of the agglomeration around the Bay-Area after 40 years,and what is the evolution of their relationship? Second,what is the driving force mechanism for the spatial development of the bay area,and what role has the government,market and social subjects played? Third,in the context of innovation and development in the Bay-Area,how to build a future oriented spatial structure and model?There are eight parts to carry out specific theoretical and empirical research on the above issues.The first two parts are the overview of the article and the review of research progress.The third part is the physical geography,historical and cultural basis of the formation of the Bay-Area.The fourth part uses the multi temporal GIS and RS data of the Bay-Area from 1992 to 2013 to demonstrate the evolution characteristics of the construction space and ecological space of the bay area.In the fifth and sixth part,based on the perspective of "governmentmarket-society",the dynamic mechanism,spatial model and governance trend of promoting the spatial evolution of urban agglomerations are analyzed and tested.The seventh part refines the spatial development mode and spatial structure of the Bay-Area under the trend of innovation and development.The last part is the summary and Prospect of the whole paper.The first part is the introduction.The concept of "bay area" has experienced three stages of development: academic discussion,planning practice and national strategy.The important concept of " Pearl River Estuary Bay-Area " planning practice stage is still of great significance to clarify the evolution and law of spatial development in the context of the new round of national opening up and regional development strategy.This part defines the key concepts of " Agglomeration" and "Spatial model",and puts forward the research objectives,methods and ideas of this paper.The second part is to summarize the research progress of urban morphology evolution and spatial pattern.First of all,starting from the origin of spatial cognition,this paper combs the evolution from spatial form to spatial model research;secondly,from the research progress of the dynamic mechanism of urban agglomeration spatial development,the three subjects of "government-market-society" constitute the basic framework of spatial dynamic research in China;finally,this paper holds that spatial object includes the foundation of construction space and ecological space The essence of spatial governance is the interaction between the dynamic subject and the spatial object.Therefore,this paper establishes a research framework from the spatial background of urban agglomeration to spatial model.The third part combs the spatial basis of the formation of the Bay-Area from two aspects: the natural geography of the bay area around the Pearl River and the historical and cultural conditions with Guangfu culture as the main body.The evolution of the natural geographical conditions of the Pearl River Estuary has influenced the formation and development of the city,with Guangfu culture as the main body,forming an open and compatible Bay-Area culture.The fourth part uses the multi temporal satellite remote sensing image data of the bay area from 1992 to 2013,and uses the compactness index,fractal dimension index,equal fan analysis,etc.to reveal the overall characteristics,organizational differences and direction evolution of the Bay Area's urban spatial expansion.The results show that since the reform and opening up,the expansion intensity of urban construction land in the bay area around the Pearl River has grown rapidly in general.Restricted by the trumpet shaped topography of the Pearl River,the construction land has continued to expand rapidly in two directions,i.e.wide and deep,wide and pearl,forming A-shaped overall spatial pattern.However,the scale and compactness of the fans on the East and West sides of the Pearl River are quite different,and the development of the two sides is not balanced.With the development of the construction space,the patch density of water body,farmland and other land types with the highest value of ecological services becomes low,and the "inadequate" of the construction space and the "fragmentation" of the high-value ecological space synchronize.In addition,the ecological security of the Pearl River estuary is under great pressure due to the large-scale coastal reclamation in the estuarine area with the greatest impact of typhoons.The fifth part further analyzes the dynamic evolution of spatial development in the Bay Area Based on the theoretical framework of "government-market-society".The interweaving of the main forces of "government-market-society" promotes the expansion of urban construction space,but the joint forces of the main bodies in different development stages are obviously different.In the early stage of development,the government and social forces attracted investment in the way of accommodating market forces,resulting in inefficient and "inadequate" space utilization;in the middle and late stage,market forces led the transformation of urban and regional space and accelerated the "imbalance" of development between the East and the west by forming various partnerships with the government.In the governance of ecological space,due to the interest game between the subjects,the ecological space is facing fragmentation and security pressure.The sixth part discusses the future spatial logic transformation and governance trend of the bay area under the overall governance trend of land and space.Compared with New York's intercontinental cooperative governance,San Francisco Bay Area's networked joint governance and Tokyo Bay Area's centralized governance mode,there are sufficient hinterland of the plain around the Bay area to achieve balanced governance of the East and West banks.Therefore,the future spatial governance in the bay area will focus on the flexible guidance of the construction space and the flexible governance of the ecological space,and establish a three-dimensional consultation mechanism with the government as the main body and integrating the market main body and the social main body.The seventh part discusses the spatial pattern and structure of the Bay-Area with innovative economic.Under the guidance of basic scientific research,it has the ability to change the one-way relationship of "R & D and service of central urban area-Industrial Service of urban node-technology transformation of high-tech park",towards the origin of "basic scientific research of innovation node" The spatial pattern transformation of new clusters.Therefore,this paper believes that in the future,the innovation Bay-area will gradually form a spatial structure of "two ridges and three Bay chains".The main axis of innovation and development formed by Guangzhou-Dongguan-Shenzhen and the secondary axis of Guangzhou-Zhongshan-Zhuhai have become the key points for the government to promote the balanced development of space.On the other hand,the inner bay area should implement more strict management and restoration of ecological space,scientific innovation of urban nodes should reasonably control the scale of clusters,and through and through the rapid transportation facilities corridor to form a "pearl chain" layout in space;the inner bay should enhance the development toughness,the main Bay should strengthen the coordination mechanism,the outer bay should cultivate the growth center,and build the ecological and economic interwoven Network pattern.The eighth part is conclusion and prospect.It points out the main conclusions,innovations and shortcomings of the paper,and looks forward to the direction of further research in the future.This paper tries to innovate in the following aspects:(1)Based on the characteristics of the natural environment of the Pearl River Estuary BayArea,this paper analyzes the relationship between the natural environment and ecological security and the agglomeration construction space,and improves the limitation of "emphasizing the city but neglecting the ecology" in the previous spatial model research.The study of spatial form originates from the analysis of urban construction space and the summary of its laws.Therefore,the study of urban spatial form is mostly used to describe the construction spatial characteristics of a single city.Considering that the urban construction space of the Bay-Area accounts for more than 32% of the total land area,this paper uses GIS and RS technology to analyze the physical geography and ecological characteristics of the BayArea through quantitative analysis,and discusses the basic relationship between the urban construction space and ecological spatial form of the Bay-Area.First,the insufficient construction space is in step with the fragmentation of patches with high ecological value such as water surface and farmland.Second,the natural geographical environment has affected the unbalanced development of the East and West Bank.Because the geological conditions of the east bank are more stable,it is more suitable for the investment and construction of market forces.The third is to reveal the ecological security pressure of the development of the bay area through the evolution of coastal reclamation and the nuclear density analysis of typhoon disaster.Finally,based on the relationship between construction space and ecological space,this paper puts forward the "pearl chain" spatial layout model to build a sustainable development Bay area.(2)In the past,most of the research objects about the dynamic subject of spatial development are government and market.This paper attempts to introduce the concept of community to study the mechanism of social subject in the Bay-Area urban space.The perspective of "government market society" is a generally accepted method of dynamic mechanism analysis in academic circles.However,in the past research,the social subject often does not directly affect the urban space construction,so the relevant research focuses on the relationship between government subject and market subject.In this paper,the concept of community is introduced to analyze the joint force model of the Bay-Area's spatial development in different stages since the reform and opening up.It is believed that in the early stage of the Bay-Area's development from the bottom to the top,the blood and geographical communities played an important role in the spatial development;after the middle stage,the anchor role of path dependence has been formed,which has become the main obstacle of the Bay Area's economic transformation 1? In the development of innovation economy,it provides low-cost "fault-tolerance" space for innovation and entrepreneurship.The influence of social subject on the urban construction space of the bay area has experienced the process of direct influence,gradually receding to indirect influence,and then to semi direct influence.With the development of the times,the influence of the social subject shows that the rural community based on blood and geography has been further strengthened with the development of urban space,and the foreign population has integrated into the Bay-Area and gradually formed the industrial and friendly communities,which has gradually become the source of innovation.The growing middle-income class provides an important guarantee for the social development of the bay area.Therefore,the empirical analysis of the role of social subjects in this paper makes up for the lack of the mechanism of social forces in the previous Bay Area Studies,and provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of the three-way consultation governance mechanism under the guidance of the government in the future.(3)With innovation development,based on the transformation trend of the spatial model of government,market and social subject,the paper proposes to establish the spatial structure of the Bay-Area with "two ridges" + "three Bay chains".This paper finds that the Pearl River Estuary has experienced the evolution process from point growth,point axis development,dual core axis to multiple networks,which has a lot in common with domestic and foreign urban agglomerations in spatial representation.However,by analyzing the dynamic mechanism behind the spatial model,this paper argues that the dot like growth of other agglomerations in the embryonic stage is mostly driven by government or market forces,while in the Bay-Area,the growth "dot" under the influence of decentralized social subjects has not grown into a town.In the long-term fierce market competition,the formation of the wide and deep dual core axial band structure has bred a large number of innovative enterprises.The balanced layout of government power space on both sides of the Pearl River Estuary has the ability to play a more critical role in promoting the development of the West Bank in the future.Therefore,this paper puts forward to take the Bay-Area as the center,and innovatively puts forward to build a three-way "Bay chain" ring type spatial structure.The inner bay area builds a functional area based on the national science platform,and avoids the damage to the ecological environment of the Pearl River Estuary through the "pearl chain" development;the main Bay strengthens the modern service capacity of the central urban area;the outer bay area focuses on the balanced development of the region. |
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