Optimization Analysis Of Public Transport System Based On Game Equilibrium Theory

The rapid pace of economic development and the explosive growth in car ownership has contributed to urban congestion.Public transportation with its strength of high capacity and low emission has become important in mitigating traffic congestion.Thus,public transit priority policy is widely accepted.However,in the implementation of the public transport priority policy,the development of urban public transit is not so promising for the slow increase,or even decrease in some regions,in the passenger volume it has transferred.Although the current research on bus priority has been very rich,the relevant city managers still face many problems that need to be solved urgently.There are still many shortcomings in the existing research results,which need to be further improved and supplemented.For example,in the process of implementing the reform of public transport enterprises,how to improve the operation status of public transport enterprises on the basis of guaranteeing the public transport services of residents,and scientifically and effectively avoid the emergence of the "all loses" situation of vicious competition in market-oriented operations.And how the city managers choose an appropriate policy combination to enhance the benefit of the whole traffic system based on various relevant factors to meet the needs of its sustainable development.Faced with the above problems in the priority development of public transport system,this paper takes game equilibrium as the basis of system analysis,and carries out modeling optimization for micro stations,meso routes and macro policies in the public transport system.On the one hand,relevant research results can enrich and improve the urban public transport system planning and design theory.On the other hand,it can provide theoretical basis for relevant decision makers to optimize relevant public transport priority policies and development directions.The main research work and production completed in this paper are summarized as follows.At the micro bus station optimization level,combined with the traffic wave theory,the trajectory of the bus under the influence of the intersection station is analyzed.The bus delay model under the influence of the stop is established for each scenario,taking into account factors such as the position of the stop upstream at the intersection,signal timing,stop time,input flow and so on.And all models are analyzed and calculated by numerical simulation.Finally,on this basis,the optimization of the bus station layout distance under different traffic flows at the intersection is carried out.At the meso bus line operation optimization level,in the face of the market competition dilemma faced by the reform of public transport enterprise,the game theory is applied to establish game models of bus line operation based on Cournot hypothesis and Bertrand hypothesis,respectively,aiming at the bus line capacity and bus fare decision making in the market.Analyze the evolution equilibrium point and system stability of the established game model,and study the range of relevant parameters that make the market reach evolutionary stability.On the basis of game equilibrium analysis,this paper analyzes the essence of the dilemma of market competition and cooperation by comparing Nash equilibrium and Pareto optimal market profit benefit in the system.Finally,this paper proposes to construct a repeated game model and government regulation to guide the market evolution and make it reach the Pareto optimal systemAt the macro transport policy optimization level,this paper builds up a cost function considering two travel modes of bus and car on account of two scenarios of having bus lane or not.Based on the cost function,the game equilibrium theory is used to analyze the travel behavior in the system,travelers’ choices of different modes and corresponding cost in system equilibrium are discussed.Secondly,the dynamic interaction among the government,bus company and travelers in the system is depicted with Stackelberg game model,and provide the optimization method of the public transport policy at the macro level.Finally,a global approximate algorithm of Kriging surrogate model based on numerical simulation is designed to solve the model,and the feasibility of the model is verified by numerical examples,providing a scientific basis for the formulation of public transport priority related policies.Finally,the research work and main innovations of this paper are summarized,and the main deficiencies in the research process are put forward.