Research On Park Characteristics Identification And Optimization Pattern Based On Leisure Physical Activity

In 2016,the world health organization released a new "epidemic situation" in cities: chronic diseases have become the top public health problem,accounting for 63% of all deaths.In 2017,comrade xi jinping put people's health as a strategic priority.Leisure and physical activity,as an important preventive measure to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases,is an important entry point for public health intervention in the space environment.Urban park is the main space carrier of citizens' outdoor leisure and physical activities,and it is the green cornerstone of the whole people to ensure the significant demand of national health.The theoretical framework of urban parks promoting public health is the theoretical basis for identifying the spatial characteristics of leisure physical activity.The theoretical framework introduces behavior change theory,demand hierarchy theory and spatial cognition theory,and clarifies the relationship between leisure physical activity and spatial characteristics of urban parks.Taking Harbin as an example,this paper analyzes the leisure physical activity behavior and spatial characteristics of urban parks,defines the quantitative criteria of leisure physical activity capacity under the difference of type,intensity and space-time characteristics from the perspective of sports discipline,and determines the quantitative index of spatial characteristics under the difference of spatial organization,form and facility characteristics from the perspective of environmental discipline.It explains the interactive path between leisure physical activity and spatial characteristics of urban parks: the demand supporting path of leisure physical activity and the cognitive path of spatial characteristics of urban parks;A theoretical framework based on "target orientation--frame structure" is constructed.The data collection and processing of leisure physical activity and spatial characteristics are the foundation of the empirical model.Taking Harbin as the research city,leisure physical activity data: the types,number of people and environmental perception data of leisure physical activity were obtained by using uav and public participation GIS WeChat platform.Spatial feature data: 149 sport paths and 64 sport units were measured.Machine learning techniques such as Depthmap software,Rayman model and SegNet analysis were applied to quantify spatial organization,morphology and facility feature data of urban parks.Following the idea of "spatial pattern classification--identification of significant spatial features--empirical model construction of spatial features",an empirical model of spatial features of walking and running in the sports path space and leisure physical activities of taiji,song and dance,shuttlecock and apparatus in the sports unit space is constructed.(1)spatial pattern classification.Based on the measured capacity distribution or spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,the urban park space of five typical types of leisure physical activity is further classified.(2)recognition of significant spatial features.With leisure physical activity capacity as the dependent variable and spatial organization,morphology and facility characteristics as independent variables,a single-dimensional spatial characteristic regression model was established to determine the appropriate value range.(3)empirical model construction of spatial characteristics of typical leisure physical activity types.Delete the influence factors with collinearity for the significant spatial characteristics,and construct the empirical model of spatial characteristics of typical leisure physical activity types under the influence of multi-dimensional spatial characteristics.Among them,for taiji and song and dance leisure and physical activities which are significantly affected by time factors,time-segment empirical models are established respectively.Based on the basic premise of the composite use function of urban parks,a new model of combining health with urban park design in Harbin is put forward.The overall spatial pattern optimization mode of urban parks is proposed,including identifying the spatial location mode oriented by leisure physical activity,shaping the open texture mode of parallel grid and constructing the multi-center level spatial system mode.Aiming at the sports path space which is mainly used for walking and running leisure and physical activities,the high-density sports park road mode,the center accessible mode of strengthening the path and the open mode of reducing the conversion frequency are established.Aiming at the sports unit space mainly carrying fixed point leisure and physical activities,the model of bipolar tai chi sports unit mode,the model of demonstrative singing and dancing sports unit mode,the model of independent shuttlecock sports unit mode and the model of companion equipment sports unit mode are created.Under the perspective leisure physical activity,Harbin park characteristics identification and optimization model research,expand the theoretical connotation of the public health,deepening the research on the basis of the active intervention healthy living environment,set up a public health and the space of the city park bridge,promoted the attraction of city parks and recreational physical activity,will the concept of "healthy China" be born for the urban park specific design patterns.