Study On The Nutrition Effects And Mechanisms Of The Apios Americana Medikus Tubers In The Liver Disease Mice After Hepatectomy

Background and aims:Liver cancer is a worldwide disease.China have occupied 50%of liver cancer patients in the world.The partial hepatectomy is an effect curative therapy for liver cancer patients.But,malnutrition is common because of the disease and operative stress.However,there are few products in China.The nutrition compositions of AAM will meet the requirement of the food for special medical purposes(FSMP)for cancer patients.Therefore,we investigated the nutrition effects and the mechanism of AAM in vivo and in vitro experiments.Experimental methods:Based on the nutrition composition analysis of AAM,we have not only analyzed the anti-oxidative effect of the AAM extract in HepG2 cells,but also analyzed the survival time of the AAM extract in the Caenorhabditis elegans.Then,the nutrition effects and the mechanisms of AAM were investigated by using the technique of the relative liver weight,hepatic regeneration rate,cancer inhibition,serology,liver histopathology,immunofluorescence staining,gene expression analysis,protein immunoblotting and transcriptomics.Results:(1)the compositions of the AAM tubers were abundant in soluble protein,free amino acids,soluble sugar,flavones,isoflavones,saponins,VC,VE,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Xe,Pb.There are 27.74%soluble protein,22.15 soluble sugar,6.06%saponins,2.46%flavones,7.70%isoflavones(conversion into dry basis with 54%moisture content).(2)in the H2O2 induced oxidative stress model of HepG2 cells,the AAM extract may inhibit the production of oxygen free radical and the consumption of glutathione.It may have anti-oxidative effect by keeping the balance of the mitochondrial membrane potential,inhibiting the apoptosis of cells and promoting the formation of autophagosome.(3)the AAM extract may prolong the longevity in the model of Caenorhabditis elegans and the by the prolonging rate was 38%in high-dose trial group.(4)the AAM tubers have reduced the level of serum pro-inflammatory factors and increase the serum nutrition factors of the model of liver cirrhosis mice underwent hepatectomy.Meanwhile,the ability of protein synthesis and the recovery of liver function were enhanced with prolonged survival time(7)the AAM tubers have improved the nutrition status,liver function and liver regeneration of the liver cancer mice underwent hepatectomy.ALso we have found that the AAM tubers would inhibit the growth of the the tumors by the model of the liver bearing mice.(8)the transcriptome analysis of the reborn liver in the model of liver cancer mice underwent hepatectomy after AAM intervention have revealed that 52 genes were up-regulated,while 93 genes were down regulated.The differential expressednes were involved in the signaling pathways of nutrition metabolism,secondary product synthesis,growth and death of the tuells,cell metastasis,anti-cancer,bile secretion,MAPK,longevity,TRP,TGF-?,et al.Conclusions:In experiment of the cells,Caenorhabditis elegans and mice,the AAM tubers were found to have increased the nutrition status,liver regeneration,anti-oxidative,anti-inflammation,anti-tumor,survive time prolonging.The AAM tubers may exert effects of nutrition enhancement,life-span prolonging and tumor inhibition by regulating the genes reletive to nutrition,tumor,protein synthesis and life-sapn.Thus may providing theory evidences for FSMP of liver cancer patients.