Research On Optimization Method Of Hydrographic Station Network Layout With Integrated Remote Sensing Information

Hydrologic ground monitoring station network is the most basic data acquisition system for water resources planning and management.The layout and optimization of the ground station network are crucial for regional water resources evaluation,water cycle process simulation,water resources development and utilization and water disaster prevention.After years of construction,hydrological monitoring station network of our country has begun to take shape,but regional differences are large and the overall control degree is still low.With the development of water conservancy reform and smart water conservancy construction in the new era in China,the refined management of the industry has higher and higher requirements on the temporal and spatial resolution of data,and higher requirements have been put forward for hydrological monitoring.The rapid development and application promotion of remote sensing technology provide abundant data sources with high spatial and temporal resolution for water resources management,which provides opportunities for the improvement of traditional website layout.The hydrologic stereoscopic monitoring station network integrated with ground and earth has become the research hotspot and development direction,which poses new challenges to the design method of the station network and the application of heterogeneous dataIn this paper,the application advantages of remote sensing data in the layout of hydrological ground station network are deeply analyzed centering on the requirements of industry monitoring and the background of data acquisition,and the methods of improving the layout of ground monitoring station network by integrating remote sensing information are explored.To be specific,this paper mainly researches from the following three aspects:Firstly,the development and methods of station network layout at home and abroad are systematically sorted out,the existing problems are summarized and analyzed,the overall framework of ground monitoring station network layout integrating remote sensing information is constructed,and the theoretical methods of station network layout and optimization are proposed from three aspects of station network time characteristics,station network space characteristics and station network application accuracy.The information entropy method is used to calculate and measure the information flux between hydrological networks and describe the time characteristics of hydrological elements captured by hydrological networks.By introducing remote sensing information,the function expression of the spatial characteristics and application accuracy index of the fusion of remote sensing and ground monitoring information is constructed.According to the characteristics of optimization problem,the optimal solution algorithm is selected.Secondly,the paper takes the optimal layout of rain gauge network as an example to study the network layout dominated by ground monitoring.Aiming at the two kinds of optimal layout problems,namely the optimization of new stations and the optimization of the location of existing stations,the rain gauge network optimization method is constructed based on the optimal layout theory of hydrological station network integrating remote sensing information.In order to avoid the difficulty of entropy theory in the continuous calculation of entropy of information in the station network.the application effects of different discrete methods and entropy target methods in the optimal layout of rain station network were compared and analyzed,and the applicable scenes of different methods were clarified,providing reference for the better application of information entropy theory in the optimal layout of ground monitoring station network.Thirdly,the optimal layout of moisture content sites is taken as an example to study the layout dominated by remote sensing monitoring,and the spatial characteristics monitoring capability and application precision calculation method are established to integrate remote sensing information,and the optimal selection of the number and location of new moisture content sites is carried out on the two scale of land and kilometers.In order to solve the problem of soil moisture remote sensing monitoring data and ground monitoring data out of sync,the time-space fusion of GF6 satellite data and MODIS data was carried out by using STARFM algorithm,so as to provide a coordinated matching data set for soil moisture monitoring.The main innovations of this paper include:(1)A theoretical framework for optimal layout of hydrological network integrating remote sensing information is proposed,an objective function of optimal layout of hydrological network is constructed,a three-dimensional index system of time,space and accuracy for describing the efficiency of hydrological network and a function expression of integrated remote sensing information are proposed,and an optimal solution algorithm system is constructed.(2)Based on the theory of optimal layout of hydrological station network integrating remote sensing information,an optimal layout method of rain station network dominated by ground monitoring was constructed.Optimization of new sites and location optimization of existing sites can effectively improve the network's ability to capture precipitation spatial characteristics and significantly provide network monitoring accuracy.(3)Based on the optimal layout theory of remote sensing information integration,the optimal layout method of moisture content sites,which is characterized by remote sensing monitoring,can effectively improve the network's ability to obtain moisture content and improve the accuracy of moisture content monitoring by remote sensing.