Optical Coherence Manipulation And Measurement Of Partially Coherent Beams And Surface Plasmon Polaritons And Their Applications

The requirements for the diversities of the laser technology have been increased a lot,due to its continuous development and widely applications,as well as the people’s deepening understanding.Therefore,it is significant to manipulate the physical properties of the laser.Recently,the concept of light manipulations has been in the spotlight of different research areas,such as in physics and photonic,on account of the deepening progress of scientific research and the promotion of researchers across the world.The light manipulations have been proved a vital role in social progress,science and technology development and economic promotion.The light manipulations include the modulation of the steerable parameters of light fields both in spatial domain and time domain,e.g.,the light field amplitude,polarization,phase,frequency(or wavelength).In the past several decades,many subjects have been derived from the light manipulations,such as nano optics,transformation optics,binary optics,information optics and other interdisciplinary science and engineering.Optical coherence,as an additional and essential property of the light field,plays great unique roles in free-space optical communications,ladar system,laser fusion,special optical imaging,nonlinear optics,near-field optics,quantum optics and other different applications.The former studies on the optical coherence manipulations were mainly focused on the simple control of degree of coherence,consequently,the correlation functions of the light fields still remain the traditional Gaussian distribution.In this thesis,we will study the modulation of correlation functions of the light fields comprehensively for the first time,and will put forward the theoretical mechanism and experimental operation to manipulate the correlation functions for both scalar and vector partially coherent beams.We will also study the light manipulations within more than one degree of freedom,with the help of the combination of the correlation function manipulations,polarization controls and phase modulations of the light fields.We will propose several new kinds of optical scalar and vector beams with novel propagation properties both in theory and in experiment,and investigate their potential uses in optical fields super-strong self-reconstruction,nano particles trapping and manipulations,and optical information encryptions and transformation.Moreover,we will study the measurement of the correlation functions of light fields.The previous measurement methods are very complicated and cost a lot.In this thesis,we develop a simple,robust and highly accurate protocol to measure the two-dimensional correlation function distributions of light fields,and it has been successfully used in determinate of the special correlation functions of the novel beams.Optical coherence,as an essential degree of freedom,controls the fundamental physical properties of propagating light fields and has important applications in numerous areas.However,the research on the optical coherence of near-field localized surface plasmon polaritons is still missing.In this thesis,we will investigate the manipulations and measurement of optical coherence of the surface plasmon polaritons for the first time.Specifically,we propose the modulation mechanism of the spectral correlation function for a kind of two-dimensional polychromatic surface plasmon polaritons,and study their intrinsic coherence properties with the help of the well-known coherent-mode representation.Furthermore,we put forward for the first time the controlling mechanism for the angular correlation function of the threedimensional surface plasmon fields and successfully develop an novel kind of structured partially coherent surface plasmon polaritons with whose spectral density,polarization state,energy flow and electromagnetic coherence can be tailored arbitrarily.We also investigate the interaction of the partially coherent surface plasmon polaritons with the dipolar nanoscatterer and present a method to recover their second-order field correlations in the stationary case from a far-zone spectrum measurement.Not only will our results promote the development of the theory and the experiment of optical coherence research,but they will push forward an immense influence on the light manipulations within multidimensional degrees of freedom.