Ecological Theory Research On The Application Of Large Fungi In Garden Construction

The extinction of biodiversity is driven by factors such as human activity and environmental change.The study of the formation and maintenance mechanism of biodiversity is one of the important ways to deal with the loss of species diversity.The national forest park is home to huge biodiversity resources.However,the forest park has gradually become a new tourist hotspot,and the biodiversity resources have been disturbed and destroyed to varying degrees.This study is based on the cognitive foundation weak of wood plant in Henan province baiyun mountain national forest park,lack of quantitative analysis of light environment spatial heterogeneity under the canopy,and macrofungi species diversity maintaining mechanism is not clear,in the platform for the dynamic monitoring of 5 hectares in Baiyunshan national forest park,the diversity of woody plants in the region,the spatial heterogeneity of light environment under canopy and the mechanism of the diversity of large fungi species were statistically analyzed from the perspective of quantitative ecology.The research results are of great significance to the biodiversity conservation of the region and contribute to the scientific and orderly advancement of the national forest park in Baiyunshan.At the same time,the research results can provide basic reference for the ideal community species combination in landscape architecture and the application and development of macrofungi in landscape design.We have established a 5 ha forest dynamics plot in Baiyunshan Nature Reserve,Henan Province,Central China in 2005.Meanwhile we have completed the first survey,in which woody plants with DBH ?1 cm were tagged,measured and identified to species.The results showed that the plot contains 17963 individual trees(DBH?1 cm)from 34 families,55 genera and 93 species;the Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata is occupied a dominant position in the community;the seedlings are abundant in community,and community updates is well;and the distribution pattern of dominant species is mainly for aggregation within the plot.Mimicking native plant communities is a necessary and excellent way to make an ideal combination of community species.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce more common species in the garden construction in the future.In the planning process of garden species,it is necessary to make a rational allocation of the horizontal space and vertical space according to the changes of the chest diameter of woody plants for many years and combine the characteristics of the species life.At the same time,in this study,through the method of quantitative ecology in the space point pattern clear understanding of the target species distribution pattern in different spatial scales,the method of landscape planning in a scientific and reasonable plant spatial distribution pattern has important application prospect and value.The light environment under the canopy was monitored for six months.The study shows that there is obvious habitat heterogeneity in the light environment under the canopy.The light environment under the canopy in ridge is better than the valley.The forest structure and composition of woody plants are the main factors influencing the light environment under the canopy.Canopy structure and lower illumination environment are important sites for the physiological and ecological processes of plant communities.Therefore,in the process of garden construction,it is necessary to create an ideal lighting environment for the growth of species under different plant communities and canopy gaps,so as to construct a reasonable complex structure of landscape community.We collected all macrofungi in a 5-ha forest dynamics plot monthly from the beginning of May to the end of October 2016.We recorded 2433 macrofungi sporocarps from 217 species in 33 families.Spatial processes,perhaps dispersal limitation,and light availability were the most important factors affecting macrofungi community.There were major differences in influencing factors between soil and rotten-wood macrofungi,with light the major driver for soil macrofungi,and unknown spatial processes the major driver for rotten-wood macrofungi.It is hoped that this study can provide an important ecological theory basis for the development and research of large fungi in landscape construction.Firstly,based on this study,the composition of large fungal species in the region was studied,and the basic data for the subsequent large fungi used in garden construction were provided.Secondly,the influence of light environment on large fungi should be paid attention to during the planning of large fungi landscape.Finally,we should pay attention to the type of substrate and the continuity of growth matrix in spatial distribution.In this study,we used four different criteria to define microhabitats for habitat partitioning analyses based on topography,understory light availability,plant communities,or a combination of these factors.We explored the effect of microhabitat partitioning on macrofungal community assembly from the species microhabitat preferences,and macrofungi-environment relations.The results showed that macrofungi communities differ among habitat types defined by topography,understory light availability,and plant communities,reflecting that many of the macrofungi species exhibit distinct microhabitat preferences.We furthermore find that macrofungi-environment relations differ among microhabitats,suggesting that the drivers of community assembly differ among them.Together these findings suggest that microhabitat partitioning is important for macrofungal community assembly and potentially important for the maintainance of macrofungal species diversity.According to the results of this study,the subsequent large fungi application area in landscape design,the application form and means of landscape,etc.,should be based on different plant communities,different light environment and habitat,different terrain fully considering large fungal growth preference.Therefore,the landscape ecological system is more diversified and stable,the landscape is more vivid and full of vitality,and the landscape materials and means are more diversified,which can play the role of large fungi.In summary,the diversity and community structure of the woody plant community were recognized from the perspective of quantitative ecology.The study also shows that there is obvious spatial heterogeneity in the illumination environment under canopy.We found that spatial processes,perhaps dispersal limitation,and light availability were the most important factors affecting macrofungi community.We furthermore find that microhabitat partitioning is important for macrofungal community assembly and potentially important for the maintainance of macrofungal species diversity.The results of the study contribute to the management and protection of biodiversity in the region and provide an ecological theoretical basis for the scientific and rational planning and development of baiyunshan national forest Park.At the same time,it is hoped that this study will provide a basic reference for landscape architecture construction.