The Relationship Between The Size Of The Three Metropolitan Cities And Tourism Development And The Interaction Mechanism

Urbanization and the trend of urban tourism have promoted a certain relationship between city size and tourism development in the new period.With the city development has entered into the era of metropolitan area,Beij ing-Tianj in-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta not only has already become the highland of the metropolitan area development,but also become the representative area with high level of urbanization and tourism economic development in our country.According to the division of labor and cooperation in the metropolitan area,each city has different functions,and the new spatial organization has already formed.Although city size is an important point to explore the regional spatial structure,while urban tourism development is the key engine of the regional economy,the research on the relationship between both of them is still relatively weak.As the matter of fact,the coordination of city size and tourism development determines the structural optimization of metropolitan area and effective cooperation in regional tourism,so this scientific problem is urgently to be solved.Based on the Central Place Theory and City-Size Distribution Theory,this research tries to explore the relationship and interactive mechanism between the two from the core title with the development facts of three metropolitan areas for 20 years.In this research,the theory is to enrich and verify the theory of city size distribution and it can provide reference for optimizing regional tourism development and promote regional tourism cooperation in practice.Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta as the case,this research collected series of index about city size and tourism development of the three metropolitan areas systematically on the basis of discipline theory such as urban geography,tourism geography,regional economy and statistics.Combining mathematical model,correlation analysis,spatial network analysis and hierarchical factor analysis methods,with the help of statistical software and technology of geographic information system such as Excel,Origin,ArcGIS and so on,this study focus on the following three important issues:firstly,what is the relationship between city size and tourism development?And whether there is a common law of its relationship?Secondly,how is the relationship between the city size and tourism development changed?And what kind of deformation track has occurred in the past 20 years?Thirdly,what is the interactive mechanism of this kind of relationship?What does the big city provide for the tourism development and how does the tourism development promote the change of city size?According to the deep research,the paper forms the following three important conclusions:Firstly,on the basis of development facts of the three metropolitan areas in our country,this research found out two major models from the perspective of static empirical analysis.The first model is about the relationship between city size and tourism development.The model has some common rules of the three metropolitan areas showed that big population size,high city level,city tourism development level is generally high;big economy scale,high city level,city tourism development level is also high;the high level of tourism development,the high city level,city population size and city economy scale is large.This special phenomenon is universal for high level cities which referred to China's municipalities,provincial capital,Sub-Provincial Cities,special zone and other categories of cities.However,the individual has a unique difference because of its tourism resources and location in the non-high-level cities.The second model is about distribution rules between city size and tourism development.The model has some common rules,including the minimum number of city with the high level which located in the spire of the Pyramid structure of city size and tourism development and the distribution number of the bottom of the tower structure to be largest with low city level.In the meantime,the quantity relationship has gradient structure from the total.This part of study answers the first question deeply.Secondly,according to the index attribute from the angle of dynamic time,this paper pay attention to the track and direction of the relationship between the two with the changing process of three metropolitan areas in four stages of development,and discover and construct the evolution model of city size and tourism development.This model show some common rules,and class I of the city is generally municipalities,sub-provincial city and the capital city or metropolitan tourism,IV city is generally the prefecture-level cities,county-level cities and towns.In the development progress,cities will improve the function and scale gradually in order to match the city tourism growth,and the general change of type IV cities to class III and class II and then to type I from the time evolution,and the relationship between them is one-way conversion and evolution which showed the distribution structure in the process of development stage and type IV cities have the largest distribution area,but its small of all class I cities.In the past 20 years,the evolution track and the direction of deformation have further clarified the spatial distribution and the combination rule of the city size and the spatial distribution of tourism development.In this part of research,second questions are answered.Thirdly,based on the theory of factor endowment mechanism for quantitative analysis from the interaction mechanism,the result of this research is significant.The big cities through 6 mechanisms mainly to promote the development of tourism,including mechanism of the city population and its local tourism market demand enhancement,the mechanism of infrastructure construction and enhancement ability of tourism accessibility and reception,the economic environment construction and increasing the commercial trade mechanism,city status and policy setting and resource gathering mechanism,mechanism of the historical and cultural heritage and tourism resources to increase the visibility of the city,mechanism of increasing selection tendency of tourism behavior.At the same time,tourism development mainly through 4 mechanisms driving the changes of city scale,including supporting system of city tourism service economy which actuate economic growth,promoting mechanism of the tourism consumption and tourism economy prosperity,the potential mechanism to promote employment and increase of the population,and the media mechanism of tourism culture communication and promotion of city fame.The gradient distribution of city construction is mainly for the differences of the six comprehensive factors about the model;overall,the size of the city is different and the degree of tourism economy is different on the basis of the city tourism function level and the influence of tourism economic scale of the city is also large.In fact,the relationship of the regional spatial network directivity is also obvious.This part of study answered the third questions.The innovation of this research primarily reflected in following three aspects:Firstly,this article summarizes the regional characteristics of city size and tourism development in the three metropolitan areas in eastern China from the perspective of theoretical model and empirical integration,and put forward relationship model,distribution model and evolution model about the relationship between city size and tourism development.This part of research verifies and enriches the city-size distribution theory,and deepens the research path and depth of the regional structure and tourism development.Secondly,this research with two-dimensional relation proposition of "city size-tourism development" for the starting point instead of the traditional single dimension research method about city size,and then this article builds a measurement index system from the angle of city system,distribution,inter annual variation and so on.During this progress,this paper explores the three metropolitan circle city scale and the relationship between city size and tourism development and spatial sequence,and found that big cities can promote the development of tourism through the 6 major factors and other laid is that tourism can drive the changes of city size through 4 factors.This research provides a new perspective for city tourism research.Thirdly,the paper takes static and dynamic analysis structure to make up the lack of a single analysis.In the static analysis,this part of research found the common law of relations between city size and tourism development,at the same time,due to resource endowments,geographical location and other factors the individual city show differences;in the dynamic analysis,this part of research found that the relationship between the two has the phenomenon of the "strong has been strong,the smallest has been small,gradient distribution in the middle" with the passage of time.As a whole,phase change and quadrant distribution regularity of all cities are obvious.This paper adopt comprehensive pattern to reveal the stability indexes in time sequence within the scope of law,including the mathematical model,correlation analysis and quantitative measurement,and this part of the whole choice can explain the rationality of dynamic and static research.