Research On The Spillover Effects And Output Efficiency Of R&D Input In Gansu Province

With the economic development of our country into the new normal,the past development mode rely on a large amount of consumption of natural resources,massive investment and use of the elements of the cheap labor is unsustainable.Gansu as a less developed provinces,the old pattern of economic development is obviously,and show the typical investment-driven for so long.The rate of investment showed a trend of increasing since 1995,and the average annual investment rate of 52.29% in the period of "11th five-year plan" more than 4.70% higher than47.59% in the period of "10th five-year plan".The investment rate is 60.71% in 2014,and always at the levels of around 60%,it's significantly higher than the national average.Therefore,it's become the core issue of economic development in Gansu province that how to rely on scientific and technological innovation to transform the mode of economic development and optimize the economic structure.so that the development of power from the elements of investment to innovation drive.R&D is the first resource of science and technology innovation,which is beneficial to reduce the enterprises cost and enlarge profits,and helpful to optimize the industrial structure and promote the overall economic efficiency.Hence,it's a strong practical significance that the study of R&D input in Gansu province to explore the less developed areas how to rely on innovation drive towards the development of new patterns and new path.Gansu province is a long and narrow area in geographical map,There are big differences in each district cities in the climate,ecological environment,topography,resources endowment,etc.and it's determined the level of economic development,R&D investment and spillover effect and output efficiency have a difference.Provincial capital of Lanzhou play a weak role to the surrounding area on the radiating and driving economic development in the entire province.Present the development trend of the "Strong area around the weak middle area".Based on this,this paper take "Research on the Spillover effects and Output efficiency of R&D investment in Gansu province" for the title.First of all,the systematic carding the related theories and research literature,then analyzed the three important aspects in R&D spillover effect,economic growth and output efficiency by using the method of econometrics and statistics tool.Use spatial metrology method to build the knowledge production function,analyzed the spatial spillover effects of R&Dinvestment.Using the panel econometric model to explore the R&D input to the contribution of the entire province economic growth and the difference of regional economic growth,and analyzes the influencing factors.By using the data envelopment method to analyzed the R&D input and output of relative effectiveness evaluation,and using Tobit regression model to carry on the dynamic measurement and evaluation for the productivity of R&D input and output for all regions.Thesis research conclusion is as follows:Firstly,all regions in gansu province has significant spillover effects of R&D input,but the results of R&D spillover effect more significant than the R&D spillover effect is.According to the results of different space weighted composite matrix,the significance of R&D spillover effects results are under 1% level through the test,but not for the regression results of R&D spillover effect represented the above characteristics.This suggests that the effect of R&D results is superior to the role of R&D spillover effects,And from the regression coefficient of inputs,the R&D spillover effect of human capital investment is greater than input spillover effect.In the second place,from observation of Stability,R&D results and the spillover effects of financial investment is relatively stable,and the spillover effects of R&D human capital investment easily affected by the geographic distance of weighting matrix,the spillover effects of R&D human capital investment is not significant.Third,according to the analysis of provincial level from 1995 to 2014,the R&D input increase 1% in Gansu province can make 0.69% GDP growth,it suggests that R&D has obvious role in promoting economic growth of Gansu province;The influence of R&D input on economic growth in Gansu province in the short term effect is not obvious,so by increasing the effect of the policy of total investment in science and technology to promote economic growth needs to show up for a long time;GDP growth is the granger reason of science and technology investment both in long-term and short-term,this shows that with the development of economy,the degree of attention to the science and technology in Gansu province has increased,Gansu province scientific and technological progress contribution rate of the overall upward trend in general.Fourth,there is a long-term stable relationship between the R&D input and economic growth in the region of Gansu province.In the long run,the economic growth of Qingyang city under the influence of R&D funds input is the largest,Gannan's R&D funds input minimal impact on the city's economic growth.And Linxia economic growth in the R&D personnel input(EFP)has the greatest impact,On the other hand,the Jinchang R&D personnel into minimal impact on the city's economic growth,in the short-term dynamic evaluation of the Gansu province can get the correlative relationship between the regional GDP and the input of R&D funds and personnel is very close.From the short-term fluctuations of R&D funds input to the regional economic growthconcluded that the following cities of R&D expenditure impact on local economic growth is not very stable,Including: Wuwei,Zhangye,Qingyang and Dingxi.From the short-term fluctuations of R&D personnel input to the regional economic growth concluded that the following cities of R&D personnel input impact on local economic growth is not very stable,Including: Jiayuguan,Baiyin,Wuwei,Zhangye,Gannan,Linxia,Dingxi,Qingyang,Jiuquan and Pingliang.Fifth,according to the analysis of R&D input and output efficiency: In 2011,only five places such as Lanzhou's DEA is relatively effective,of which only three places are completely efficient;In 2012,only of Lanzhou,Wuwei and Dingxi three places is relatively effective,Lanzhou and Dingxi is completely efficient;In 2013 and 2014,Lanzhou,Jiayuguan,Dingxi and Longnan five cities DEA is completely effective.From the changes of Malmquist productivity in each district cities we can see that from 2011 to 2014: the production efficiency of Lanzhou,Baiyin,Llinxia in the unceasing progress.As can be seen from the whole,the productivity of the input and output in R&D projects has got a lot of ascension.At the same time,should also see that the level of R&D productivity development in some regions mainly comes from the constant progress of technical efficiency,and comprehensive efficiency is not too great development.On the contrary,some cities R&D productivity development mainly comes from the constant progress of comprehensive efficiency,and technical efficiency not much development.Based on the above research conclusion,this paper argues that the current R&D whether on fund or personnel on the whole is low,but R&D's contribution to the economic development is higher.In the long run,the space of R&D spillover effect more significant,will become increasingly optimized,and production efficiency Will provide powerful support for the transformation of the economic development in Gansu province.