Research On Market-oriented Reform Of China's Railway Based On The Perspective Of Competitive

Since the 1980s, railway transport generally faced the situation of poor operating performance and highly debt. In order to improve the business performance of railway transport, and achieve profitability situation, Japan, Europe, America and other countries and regions take appropriate regulatory measures for the implementation of the railway management system. Theoretical study and practical reform experience have shown that the introduction of competition mechanism is the fundamental way to break the monopoly of railway transport and improve business performance.It has achieved fruitful results for railway transport reform studies. The majority of scholars have made research on the railway management system reform, railway reform problems, the railway reform models and foreign experience in reform and other aspects. For the railway market-oriented reform studies, it have be briefly mentioned in the literature, and most of them are from the highways, civil aviation, water transport competition and the introduction of competition in the internal mechanism to achieve competition between railway companies. But those studies are generalities, and have not form a systematic study.This paper realizes that the the competition of railway transport are including internal competition and external competition.The external competition means the competition among railway, road, civil aviation and other transportation modes. The internal competition means the competition within the rail industry, which form the competitive landscape among the subject of internal competition of the railway industry in passenger, cargo, and etc, through property rights reform, and clearing competitive dominant position. Based on this, it forms the idea of the thesis, which is reaearch on market-oriented reform of China's railway based on the perspective of competition mechanism.The paper studies the railway market-oriented reforms theoretical foundation by theoretical analysis, examines the market-oriented reform of China's railway history, and analysises the necessity of market-oriented reform of China's railway. On basis of fully learning the experience of state-owned railway reform from abroad, the paper starts research from the outside competition mechanism, analyzes the competition situation among railways and other modes of transportation in the passenger market and the freight market, and constructs the suggestions for China's railway market-oriented reform based on the external competition mechanism. On the internal competition mechanism, the paper analyzes reform model which the introduction of competition mechanism within the railway, and inspects the efficiency of "zone company+separation of infrastructure from railway market-oriented reform, and has certain practical significance for promoting China's railway deepen reform and improve operational efficiency and effectiveness of Chian's railway.The main research contents are as follows:(1) Theoretical basis and necessity of railway market-oriented reform. It Introduces of the research border, including the definition of objects and identify research object features. On this basis, the paper determines the meaning of the railway market-oriented reform, analyzes the revelation of the railway market-oriented reform, appling of the public goods theory, property rights theory, and analysises the necessity of China's railway market-oriented reform.(2) The reference of the world market-oriented reform of state-owned railway for China. It analyzes of the railway market-oriented reform process of Japan, and the EU, summarizes world experience in the railway market-oriented reform, and analyzes the application possibilities of reform experience in our country, providing reference experience for railway market-oriented reform in China.(3) The research on China's railway market-oriented reform based on external competitive mechanism. Whether domestic or foreign, the railway, as a mode in the transportation system, has been competed with raod, civil aviation, water transport and other modes of transportation. The background of foreign railway market-oriented reforms have shown that the railway has been gradually at a disadvantage and its market share is declining when it competes with raod, civil aviation, water transport and other modes of transportation. Therefore, this part of the research analyzes of the competitive situation, focusing on China's railway passenger transport market and freight transport market. On this basis, we construct the external competition mechanism for China's railway reform to enhance its competitiveness.(4) The research on China's railway market-oriented reform based on internal competition mechanism. We put forward reform programs for China's railway market-oriented reform based on internal competition mechanism, and build a test model to verify the efficiency of the reform program.(5) In reference to the existing researches on the operational efficiency of railway, such as the reality of the Guangzhou Railway (Group) company has carried out a part of the railway market reform, using the DEA modle from the angles of the static analysis and dynamic analysis, draw the preliminary conclusion that the railway market reform has influence on the operating efficiency of the railway. Based on the above, we put forward the research hypothesis, by constructing panel data model, analysis of the factors affecting the efficiency of railway operation.