Study On Efficiency Of Forester Professional Cooperatives

After the collective forest right system reform,the booming cooperative economics of forstry is pressed for theoretical direction.The development of Forester Professional Cooperatives play a great role on the scale effect and coacting effect,help spread risk of long production phase of forest and strong asset specificity,which is a key route to improve the productivity of forestry and a important choice of international forestry.Then sustained and efficient operational mechanism of Forester Professional Cooperative is burning question of forestry economy.In the course of investigation and analysis "private forest management will and subsidy system"(Funded by Natural Science Foundation of China),"the scale and efficiency of private forest"(Funded by Natural Science Foundation of China),"growth mechanism of Farmers forestry total factor productivity"(Funded by Natural Science Foundation of China)in 10 provinces in the southern colletive forest area,we found that lots of local government believe the necessiry of Forester Professional Cooperatives,but encounter the problem of "cold forester and warm government,leading enterprise and large landlord" which is hard to be solved,and there still lots of problem of how to suport the development of Forester Professional Cooperative.The primary causes to this phenomenal are that it is hard to quantitative calculation the cost effectiveness and overall efficiency,relevant departments have no idea about the operational mechanism and code requirement of Forester Professional Cooperatives.Thus,it is important to conduct an invetisgation on the typical cases and adopt suitable means to analyze.This research chooses Fujian Province as example,for the several reasons:Fujian takes an leading in carrying out a new round of collective forest reform in 2003 in China with a wide range,Fujian government pay more attention on the development of Forester Professional Cooperative and deepening the collective forest right reform,there had been 1728 Forester Professional Cooperatives at the end of 2010 in Fujian,it was easier to get the data for a large sample size.This research based on the processing of data about theForester Professional Cooperative theory and relative statistical material,conducts several studies.(1)Analyzed the operation situation of Forester Professional Cooperatives in Fujian,conducted an sampling survey on the 1728 Forester Professional Cooperatives,focusing on the input and output of cooperatives,analyzed the open question.(2)Research on the category of cooperative,taking the sample in Fujian as the object of study,this dissertation conducted the study of category by adopting clustering method from the point of forest category,content of cooperation and so on,researched and compared with their characteristic and law of development.(3)Research on the economic efficiency,ecological efficiency and social efficiency from the economic performance,ecological performance and social performance of cooperative.(4)Research on overall efficiency of cooperative.Taking land,labor,capital,technology and system as input,economic performance,ecological performance and social performance of cooperatives as output,calculated the overall efficiency of cooperative.(5)Analyzed on the influence factors of efficiency,adopting the method of Tobit regression,analyzed the mechanism of action.(6)Research on the differences and influence factors of overallefficiency,economic efficiency,ecological efficiency and social efficiency,find out and conclude the reasons.(7)Come up with countermeasure and suggestion.The results prove that:(1)Forester Professional Cooperatinves in Fujian have developed so fast for several years,which involve lots of field,the standardability of Forester Professional Cooperative has been improved step by step,the driving ability of Forester Professional Cooperative has embodied initially.However,the Forester Professional Cooperative is still in the starting stage,the scale of Forester Professional Cooperative is still very limited.(2)Institutional factor is the key factor of forestry economics development,is the important impetus for the Forester Professional Cooperative to set up.Evidences from theoretical analysis and empirical analysis show that the perspecitivity of property right,cut quota management of wood,circulation system of forestland,insurance of forestry,loan system and democratic decision-making system are still those fators that restrict the development of Forester Professional Cooperative.(3)The cluster analysis shows that the Forester Professional Cooperative in Fujian provinces can be classified to 3 categories,they are Coastal Cooperative,Inland Scale Intense Cooperative and Inland Small and Medium Size Cooperative.The kind of marketing,consulting and technological service accout for the most.The content of collaborative in different cooperatives are much the same with each other,there are small difference between different categories,the content of collaborative is stable too.(4)The analysis of input-output of Forester Professional Cooperative indicate that the input factors of laber,capital,land,technics and institution face lots of challege,the cooperative be of obivious externality,mainly including social and ecological benefit,which contribute less economic benefit to cooperative.The differences of different categories exist at areage of economic forest,areage of bamboo forest and catipal from input factors,number of members,capital from member,profit,cash earning,building brand and number of government commend from output factors.(5)Results of economic efficiency and its influence factors analysis show that the economic efficiencies of three categories are 0.801,0.966 and 0.744,the average economic efficiency of Forester Professional Cooperatives in Fujian is 0.834,the differences between different efficiencies of cooperative are small,the mean value of economic efficiency is high relatively.The influence factors of economic efficiency are institution of cooperative,which includes the time of opening financial information,and human capital of president of council,which includes age,degree of education and degree of pay out during presidend of council.(6)Results of ecological efficiency and its influence factors analysis show that the ecological efficiencies of three categories are 0.982,0.992 and 0.997,the averege ecological efficiency of Forester Professional Cooperatives is 0.99,which is high.The influence fators of ecological efficiency mainly mainly come down to institution of Forester Professional Cooperative.Ecological efficiency is a assocciated product when Forester Professional Cooperative pursue the economic efficiency.The unification of ecological efficiency and economic efficiency is a leading relationship,which is the important reason why the ecological efficiency can get a high value under the environment that ecological benefits do not change to economic benefits of Forester Professional Cooperative.(7)Results of social efficiency and its influence factors analysis show that the social efficiencies of three categories are 0.846,0.954 and 0.851,the average social efficiency of Forester Professional Cooperatives is 0.877.The influence factors of social efficiency mainly are forestland types,fundamental state of cooperative,institutional improvement of cooperative and human capital of presidend of council,taking in 11 variables in total.Thereinto,acreage of timber forest,economic forest and tea,numbuer of council menber and education’s degree of presideng of a council are positive variables;Number of full-time staff,relationship with the local village organization,number of disclosure financial information,shareholding ratio of council ’s members,total assets of Forester Professional Cooperative,is president of a council a initiator of Forester Professional Cooperative are negative virables.(8)The mean of combined efficiency of cooperative is 1,which is mean it’s DEA efficient in the context of composite output.The value of ecological efficiency and social efficieycy are higher than economic efficiecy,which show the positive externality of Forester Professional Cooperative is obvious.In regard to stage of returns to scale,the cooperatives which are not efficient at efficiency of economic,ecological and social are all at the increasing stage,a revelation that show their efficiency can be improved by scaling up.(9)There has significant difference of economics efficiencies between different categories of Forester Proffesional Cooperatives,they exist between Coastal Cooperative and Inland Scale Intense Cooperative,between Inland Scale Intense Cooperative and Inland Small and Medium Size Cooperative.the difference of ecological and social efficiencies between different categories of cooperatives are not significant.(10)Institutional improvement of cooperative play an important role on three major efficiency.Number of disclosure financial information influences all three efficiency.shareholding ratio of council ’s members makes a significant impact on the ecological efficiency and social efficiency.The function of government subsidies doesn’t come out in the influece factors,which mainly find expression in the promoting the set up of Forester Professional Cooperative.Human capital of president of a council is very important to economic efficiency and social efficiency,rather than ecological efficiency,of which the education’s degree of president of a council is obvious especially,the education’s degree of president makes an impact both on ecological efficiency and social efficiency,which support the assumption that training supplied by goverment as a subsidy play a role on the development of Forester Professional Cooperative.Thefundamental state of Forester Professional Cooperative doesn’t play significant role on economic efficiency and ecological efficient,which encourage the cooperative to focus on the institutional devlopment and human capital of president of a council.