Soil And Huangliang: Research On The Life History Of Rural Teachers In Wangzhuang

The development of modernity of Chinese education meets hindrance of synchronicity existence. The shadow of per-modern has always existed and postmodern culture avails itself to the opportunity to get in. They interweave with modern culture. The current study about the comparison of modernity in the category of ancient and modern Chinese and western ignores the problems of people's survival order, which is the existent noumenon tragedy problem. It can provide a possible way to explore the solution path of education development of modernity in a new political philosophy perspective of relation among the state, society and individual by exploring the rural teachers' daily life.On the real situation, homogeneity of village community was broken. The village development is caught in economic orientation. The modernity culture inside has not yet formed. Those facts provide a clear social background for thinking about rural teachers' do, why and how to do in the villages. Meanwhile,I try to combine the academic mission with the great realistic social theme by narrating the life of two generations (my father and I), thinking about other rural teachers' living in place of traditional and modern alternation. The study focuses on the small community Wangzhuang, combining microcosmic research and the overall historical background.By several village teachers' life,the study tries to answer the following question: How do rural teachers live in the countryside? What are their living circumstances and survival philosophy? And On the study object,the paper designs a bright and a dark line(the bright line is President Wang and the dark line is other teachers). On the study dimension, the paper uses vertical and horizontal directions. The vertical direction is the relations among rural teachers, rural society and country. While the horizontal direction is knowledge,morality and private life( the spiritual life as the core ),which is the questions constituting people's life vest (identity as kernel) and the meaning world. The theory tool of the thole study is modernity.On the knowledge structure, the alienation and lack of local knowledge,mobilization of political knowledge and constrained knowledge connection lead the rural teachers' professional development into the paradox of the myth. On the value of knowledge,rural teachers are in a very awkward position in rural power network.Neither they achieve status for knowledge, or they get respect for speaking on behalf of the country. Knowledge lets rural teachers and rural society apart. They tend to be a scapegoat to which underclass fight against the power and express their social discontent. Knowledge is a means of livelihood, but it becomes his life's purpose.What's worse, the knowledge becomes a means of self reactionary, and achieves the alienation with the purpose of life. In the rural teachers' specialization process, we neglect the rural teachers' knowledge of the present situation and soil characteristics,which caused the crisis of identity. We need to go back to each rural teacher' life experience, and find the temperature and temperature of rural teachers' modernity transformation from the the inner spirit.On the moral experience, relationship and dignity together constitute the rural teachers' survival geographical space and spiritual space. From the relationship based on the ethics to the relationship based on the economic, the power, utilitarian, the moral expectation to the rural teachers in Wangzhuang decreased. Rural teachers became "the literate farmers",divorced from the moral constraints of clans. The question about good is confined to his own private world and private circle. Dignity has lost power constraint in the present rural, but rural teachers still believe in and stick to the tradition. In the "half-acquaintance society" or "without subject"acquaintances country, people can escape from this kind of moral condemnation,which brings great spiritual impact to rural teachers. What's more, farming in rural township, reading in the school spirit of literati temperament and moral realm lost the internal relations, which soothed rural teachers' spirit in the traditional sense. There comes tension in modern sense between both of them. On the other hand, in the moral practice, Wangzhuang village teachers always wander between public and private.Either they give a religious devotion under the national ideological mobilization, nor they belong to a McPherson said "a possessive individualism". In the rite and filial piety, rural teachers are still working to maintain the moral order of the village, but mostly they belong to the pre-modern moral practice, mixing of modern society interest. With State-led community dis-embedding and crushing, rural teachers face with moral loneliness and the sense of tension and conflict of inner moral experience.This loneliness and contradictions make rural teachers' moral experience become nothingness, and make the self-explanation obscure.Private life is the most essential appearance of rural teachers. In the area of family(including marriage, the family ethics and family space), faith and meaning in pursuit,countries hides behind the teacher's personal life, and becomes a village teacher's"whisper" to tell them how to do. Country exited from farmers' private life in full, but at the same time they occupy a large position in rural teachers' private life. Teacher s set in their own life world,losing relevance with public activities. It is a kind of"private" without public awareness. Disappeared and exist tradition, exist and fuzzy modern, both crack rural teachers' private life. The complex correlation on the private lives among country, society and individual makes rural teachers feel anxious deeply.All of this make rural teacher's private life "arrested". Rural teachers lost life anchoring which supports its life meaning, and can just get spirit calm from spiritual self-improvement. This "self-reference" paradox of life strategy is just the passive accept after the heart disorder. Finally The longing for a good marriage becomes the final self psychological adjustment mechanism in difficulties.As a conclusion and ascension, in the last chapter ? describe the strained teacher images under tension between tradition an modern from the present era background of teachers' life. The strained relations reveal the institutional transformation of our era from homogeneous to heterogeneous between the politics and public feeling.Harmony and unity among intellectual, moral and spiritual world (public feeling is the politics) turns to heterogeneous and even conflict (heart disorder). Rural teachers show conflictive identity in these intellectual, moral, private life (spirit world as nuclear) three aspects. Further more, there are also heterogeneous relation among these three aspects. This kind of contradiction and torn leads rural to teachers' identity anxiety.Faced with such situation, many rural teachers become a cynics, and they don't believe in anything, and have no inner moral dimension of good and evil. Others become a nationalist, they look countries as idols, commit their humble individual life significance to grand national destiny. From then on, the development of the rural teacher has the characteristics of "anti-modernity" modernity. It is the the opposite of enlightenment. It has the appearance of modernity, but have not the spirit of modernity, certainty leading to self-overturn.Although Confucianism has the function of reassuring feeling, it has lost the social structure of the existence condition if it is expected to be the connection between individual character accomplishment and political governance. Provided that the heart disorder comes from the burst of enlightenment promised, the current Chinese heart disorder lies in the confusion of the daily life world and the non-daily life world, in the missing of rational, non-effective public domain. Reassuring peoples' feeling need to start from the people's political life. The intellectual groups represented by rural teachers may have the potential groups advantage in developing rural political modernity and shaping the rural community. First of all, in the matter of the teachers personally, they need to develop their own citizens awareness and political rationality. Secondly, on the school spatial dimension, rural teachers should create a school community life. Thirdly,on the relationship between different village knowledge groups, rural teachers should contribute to rural knowledge community actively, and inherit and develop local culture to repair the local memory together which is in the form of village celebrities, village history, legends, folk stories,proverb saying, etiquette celebration, genealogy temple etc. In the end, social forces should be allowed and be encouraged to enter the country. We should create free and relaxed political environment, and allow societal forces to do diversified country experiment cooperating with rural teachers.