The Study On Adolescent Physical Activity Promotion In U.S.A And New Zealand From Social- Ecology Model Perspective

To provide theoretical references and practical experience for our country to enhance teenagers physical health, using the methods of documentary literatures, comparative analysis, with the United States and New Zealand as the research object, and the social-ecology model as the structure framework, respectively, to explore different microscopic system's function, way and effect, such as family, school and community in the process of promoting adolescent physical activity, and then uses the social ecology model and adolescent physical activity promotion model for the analysis tools, analysis the factors of different microscopic system affecting adolescent physical activity and its type, summing up the ideal model of adolescent physical activity-promotion, hypothesis model of adolescent physical activity-promotion is deduced.Results:the family and parents could educate and help adolescents developing physically activity and healthy lifestyle by their own model demonstration etc., and lead the youth to participate in physical activities;School, by the school physical activity promotion strategise, physical education and recess activities, could create campus culture which advocates more physically activity, bases on enhanced physical education, uses breaks and reccess as opportunities, encourages, guides and organizes youth physical activity, etc.;Community, on the basis of creation of the built environment and the humanities environment that conducive to promote physical activity, to propaganda, promote and encourage more physically activity, and with an organization or agency in the community as the main body to implement specific action; Develop methods in the Physical Activity Guidelines has been mature abroad, advice on the physical activity provided is more scientific and reasonable, healthy lifestyle advocated has impact powers;School, government, community and family collaborative to promote adolescent physical activity, using active travel or commute to school as an exemple, which is more mature currently, the school or community plays a role of main body during the specific organization according to the situations, the other parties to assist. Family, government, school and community collaborative mode could make full use of various resources and have complementary advantages, and form a closed loop in youth daily life space and time chains.Conclusions:According to the analysis of the social-ecology model and youth physical activity-promotion model, the ways of social ecosystem affect adolescent physical activity and the type of affecting factors has a certain difference. From more to less, microscopic system that can directly influence factors is family, school, community and government; Indirectly play a role of microscopic system order is reversed. In family and school should bear the primary responsibility to adolescent physique health promotion;Community and the government shall provide the necessary material conditions and cultural environment for youth physique health promotion; Government, community, schools and families "four-in-one" can influence the youth physical activity comprehensive and directly, and could make all the influence factors have a superposition effect, is a kind of idealistic model to youth physical activity-promotion, any two or more micro-system synergy has larger effect than a single micro-system does, is a model of the next best choice. Finally, puts forward the hypothesis of adolescent physical activity-promotion model and suggestions on strengthening the youth sports activities in China etc.