Practical Rationality And Cultural Expression In Ethnic Sport

In China’s anthropological research fields, we usually interpret those human cultural communities enjoying a certain structure as "Ethnic Group", these communities produce the concepts of "Ourself" and "The Other" due to cultural boundaries. And the physical activities involved by these human cultural communities, termed by the features of " It is a general concept for those sports that are related more or less to the traditional culture or contribute to the forging of a specific cultural identity of the people within specific countries, societies, ethnic groups and areas who perform them" are what the Japanese anthropologist Tsuneo Sogawa defined as "Ethnic Sport"According to the consensus drawn by China’s anthropology field about "Ethnic", the author translates the term into "Ethnic Sport". From the explanations of the concept, it is obvious that the content "Ethnic Sport" wants to express has some similarity to the term "Nation/Nationality Sport", namely pointing to " those physical activities with characteristics of the former industrial society, containing rich national cultural characteristics in the process of social development in ethnic minority areas in one or more national circulating or inherited". The similarity shows in the following aspects, they both relate to traditional culture, mainly formed by a former industrial society, inherited in a certain area or ethnicity. But both also have certain difference, the most obvious of which is paid more attention to promote community sport to participate in community cultural identity, being a cultural concept. And nation in the western context is corresponding to the national political concept, in the context of China, the narrow national is a contain cultural-the concept of political significance. Within this term it has a history of traditional national sport concepts to study human body motion culture phenomenon, in the context of the established Chinese understanding will not make it difficult. But placed in the context of international, whether in depth research on the theory of reference, or the object of study on the cross-cultural understanding of will cause some difficulties.To this end, the author draws lessons from the anthropological theory of ethnic group, puts forward the concept of "Ethnic Sport"No theory, the practice is blind, without practice, theory is empty on the basis of the theory. The author mainly adopts the theory of ethnic identity, in such disciplines as anthropology, sociology, ethnology and sport history, selects the typical characteristics of community sport in Guangxi Nandan Heini village’s YanWu activities as a case study object, using the longitudinal lateral synchronic and diachronic implicit model comparison, the formation and development of activity completion of both changes and all the parts of the activity completion form whole participants of the point of view, etc are discussed in detailed analysis of the study. The results show:1) the creation of "YanWu Activities" is closely related to the central empire’s control, the political and economic system of chieftain, and the cultural ecology, at whose first site is to strengthen the ethnic memory and perform and reproduce the war scenes and activities.2) As the chieftain regime developed, in order to meet the needs of defending, putting down rebellions, vendettas between chieftains, east expedition and north expedition, combined with the land lord system and marriage system, "YanWu Activities " are made to flourish.3) rural society is the habbitus full of rituals and taboos, every activity will get involved with the rituals of living world or the worship and fear of spirits. YanWu activities, in the process of development, mixed with the frog worship, ancestor worship, Zaoshen worship and the worship of Huang Di, in the region colored by red river, enhancing the ethnic memory by the chieftain system through generations of practice of the activities as accumulation. Therefore, in more than one way, YanWu activities work as an access to recognizing the social orders, blood relationships and folk religions, to cherishing the memory of ethnic history.4) modern society is one determined by rationality, and practical rationality dominates the daily behaviors of people, race and state. Through the adoption of YanWu activities, the state realizes its presence, and fulfills the purpose of constructing state recognition. In the same way, the folk uses the habbitus of state, takes over the YanWu activities for use, and in the call of state, they realize the state’s presence and the recognition of folk cultural identity, improving the self dignity and confidence of local ethnicities and promoting the economic development of village.5) In the modern theatre of YanWu activities, the management service of the modern government, the communication size of traditional local elites for collective exult all performers, and to provide social support of the consortium and with a variety of purposes to the audience, attended section completion and present both YanWu such act of the drama society, also to reproduce the social relations.On the basis of the research found that activity completion of above both YanWu, combined with the edge of the fitting, research center theory, the author thinks about the formation and development of ethnic sport at the center of the issue, confirms the default theory proposed in this paper:Native theory and tools of ethnic identity theory in ethnic sport together play a role in the inheritance and spread. Specifically, the formation and development of community sport is based on the results of the instrumental rationality, but the value of instrumental rationality and not from a rational basis and created, just, instrumental rationality action throughout the community sports development has always been, relative to the value rationality, presents a more dominant status.