The Symbolic Logic Of The Exchange Habitus In Danwei

The author of this thesis was concerned about the bankruptcy of state-owned enterprises in his master thesis,which has been a preliminary problem of him.While he was studying for a doctorate,he continued to focus on the problem of Danwei that is not accidental.The academic papers of the author during the period of doctoral students mainly focused on the traditional state-owned enterprises,which was the core of the conventional field of Danwei.However,through this study he also found out that the study of Danwei of itself had been into a bottleneck.With the deepening of the reform of the Danwei system,the state-owned Danwei’s characteristics are disappearing.It means that if you do not want to give up the research of Danwei,it is necessary to transfer the research perspective.Therefore,the author put the vision of research field to the Institution.Anyway,the Danwei system is still relatively intact here.Some people may think that the administrative atmosphere of institutions is heavier,so the problem of society is not obvious.However,through the author’s investigation and study,he really believes that this understanding may be just a habitus of Danwei.The contradictions required for the research are not lack in Institutions,but these contradictions are often reflected in the non-entity words and cultural connotations,and these connotations are more likely to be suppressed by certain habitus of Danwei.Basing on the above particularity objects of the research,this paper mainly studies Institution from the perspective of the exchange theory rather than the institutional theory,because it can provide the framework of macro structure and micro interaction.It is not necessary to be subject to the exchange about real resources.Instead,it can extend the perspective to the internal social consensus of the exchange.It can be used to investigate the complex connotation of the nature of public welfare of Danwei,but not from the simply external characteristics of the evaluation system.As this keynote,the starting point of this study is the relationship between the system of Danwei and the nature of public welfare of Danwei.Although this is only a preliminary study,it detaches the perspective of the traditional researches of Danwei.This detachment is reflected in the field of Danwei,which also reflected in the connotations in Danwei.As masters,like Durkheim and Weber,they all believe that professional differentiation or professional ethics is the important factor of perspective of organizational and personality,but these factors are often the appendants in the previous researches of Danwei.This paper believes that this is mainly because these factors are symbols of members in Danwei,but their symbolic is weaker than other symbols.This paper is a case study which focuses on the history and management practice of a comprehensive university,and regard Institutions as organizations that rely on the administrative system which aimed to achieve a kind of public welfare and social service.In this sense,Institution is the prototype of the other forms of Danwei.From the perspective of property right theory,colleges and universities are parts of the whole system of Danwei,who extremely depend on the system because of lack of self-sufficiency.This is the origin of the colleges and universities why they are lack of public discourse power of the professional field.In the reform of Institutions,the decentralization of colleges and universities is only one of the many premises of education.A certain degree of autonomy directly causes the competitions of representativeness in Danwei,which can be extended to the professional logic and the logic of administrative divisions in the competition.And the administrative field may hold the advantages from the old system.These advantages can substitute stealthily the principle of service for the actual role of supervisory of the administrative.Some people in this field who explain and show the system at same time have the tendency to transfer their costs to the professional sector.If this administrative exemption is played to the extreme point,there will be the disclaimer behavior of administrative.The extence of these habitues attributes to the service index which is provided by the administrative field.From the cultural sense,in the history of Danwei system,there has long been a dualistic relative identity in the members.This identity often leads the members understanding the problem form the role of the cognition of Danwei rather than from a general view of the professional point.This kind of cognitive style also leads to the fact that the members often form the cognition of the Danwei and their roles only from the specific interpersonal relationships,but it is difficult to make a general understanding of these problems from a professional point.Professional discourse can only play a role in the reserved space of Danwei,and then solving specific problems must rely on relationships rather than professional standards.Then the obedience of members to the Danwei and the non institutional mediation of the specific problems in Danwei becomes a conspiracy relationship between the members and Danwei.The particularity of colleges and universities lies in that including large-scale students who serve as the object of service and management.Although these students are long-term living in the environment of Danwei,they are not within the Danwei system.It means that they have a stake in Danwei,but they do not have to be constrained by the collusion of Danwei.However,the logic of the behavior of the Danwei can be identified by them.As a result,they can form a kind of coercion to Danwei,which is an imitation of the logic of the Danwei.These Danweis are unable to respond to this stress by the system availably and cannot control the students by the identity of Danwei.They can only seek the non-institutional explanation.But in the logic of this Instrumental reason of exchange means,the practice of symbolic value exchange is losing its status gradually,so the constraint of the professional value and the judging ability are insignificant.This paper thinks that as a social public welfare throughout the world,higher education itself is a unique symbolic exchange behavior.Its publicness has decided that it cannot be dominated by instrumental logic,therefore,it is retained in Danwei system.But for the habitus of traditional Danwei which is very serious,education can be used as a means of system status in fact.This logic can also be extended into the Danwei,and the Danwei who has higher status will have the resources to achieve such exchanges.And in the view of these people,other members or even the characteristics of education can be simplified.The hierarchical structure may also generalize this logic in Danwei,even grassroots professionals who argue the unequal problem must use this discourse as the keynote,and the specific characteristics of education will be gradually eliminated in this discourse environment.Facing to the above problems inside and outside Danwei,the members who actually have the representativeness of Danwei have the duty to explain and solve these problems.One of the ways is not to make a substantive solution,but just let these problems resort to the self digestion internal rules of Danwei.In this way,the old habitus towards the new problems,it shows the inertia of main responsibility of the rules.The tautology of them will dispel the form of contradiction;however,this tautology is further deepened by filtering the feedback channel of Danwei be.Therefore,the views of members of Danwei can only be selective feedback,and the substantive contradiction within Danwei is just introduced to the field of public discourse.According to the similar systems between Danweis,if the above habitus in Danwei is not accidental,the conclusions of this paper are a reference to the development of other Institutions.