Study On The Arrangement And Naming Of Names On Bamboo Slips Of Qin Dynasty

On the basis of the review and research on the names of the Bamboo slips of Qin Dynasty,this paper collected 760 names from the 12 pieces of materials in Qin Jiandu Collection,Liye Slips School Release of The Yuelu Academy Reservoi,and Liye Qin Jiandu Museum Collection,which consist of the main Bamboo slips of Qin Dynasty currently published.Amongst these 760 names selected,680 names can be clarified,and 80 names are obscure or unable to be elucidated(see Attachment II).This thesis studies and compares the naming and naming rules and illustrates 48 rare names or family names,“缭” and “?”are among them.This paper takes into consideration the epochal character of the names and avoids the names illustrating those of the Bamboo slips of Qin Dynasty.To make an accurate and reliable conclusion,the study synthesizes the epochal and regional characters,sexual differences,psychological features and other cultural factors,and refers at most to the oracle inscription,bronze wares’ inscription,convenant,pottery inscription,Qin-Dynasty Seal and Han-Dynasty.In accordance with the collection,the paper categorizes the names into four parts,namely,naming after nature,naming after human beings,naming after society and naming after multi-element and illustrates them with 17 chapters.The first part is naming after nature,elucidated from Chapter One to Chapter Four.It studies 166 names after animals,plants,time and space and other themes.Chapter One studies 51 names after animals.This kind of name mainly involves the wild animals and livestock.wild animals used in names are beasts,birds,insects and fish,among which beasts account for the most,especially the large and medium sized beasts.From the sexual part,names after the beasts are more commonly used in male names.Names after livestock include pigs,dogs,and horses,and no female names appear in this sort.Chapter Two collects 47 names after plants,classifying into Grass,Crop,and wood.From the sexual part,female names are more after Grass,and male names are more after wood.Chapter Three studies 37 names after time and space.Names after time can be classified into those of the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches and those of no Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches.This sort of names is more used in male names.Names after space are sorted into those of direction and of places.Since the amount of the names varies greatly between male names and female names in this sort,this thesis believes that the sexual variation is not distinct.Chapter Four studies 32 other names after nature,including Color,Mountains and Rivers,Stars,Natural Phenomenon,and other sorts.There is no clear distinction between the two sexes.Above all,names after nature have extensive sources from animals,plants,time and space,colors to mountains and rivers,conditions,stars and natural phenomenon.It demonstrates that people have a preferable understanding of nature,and animals,plants and time and space account for the most.The study also demonstrates that male names tend to be after animals and female names after plants.Part Two is naming after persons,elucidated from Chapter Five to Chapter Seven.The study collects 120 names and classifies them into three themes: body,health and psychology.Chapter Five researches 44 names after human body which are classified into the knowledge of human body and of appearance and posture.Female names account more in this sort.Chapter Six explains 42 names after health which are classified into the names of diseases,health,and pursuit of long life in accordance with the understanding of disease.Male names account more in this sort,especially for the names after health and long life.Female names appear only once in a name used for both sexes.It illustrates a great distinction.Chapter Seven collects 34 names after psychological features.This sort concentrates on the happy feelings,and distributes in both sexes.In conclusion,naming after human beings features the knowledge of human body and the pursuit of health and long life.in the psychological part,these names appear less in the aspiration and more in happy feelings.It demonstrates that people of that age pays more attention to physical health,especially for men,and less to mental health.The pursuit of long life tends to be the model effect from the upper class.Part Three consists of naming after society,elucidated from Chapter Eight to Chapter Sixteen.This part collects 330 names,including designation,production,daily life,morality,aesthetic standard,and evaluation.Chapter Eight collects 44 names after designation which concentrate on sexual designation,identity designation,and kinship designation.It demonstrates that kinship is the most important in social structure,and people’s most profound cognition in relationship is on sex differences and social identity.Chapter Nine collects 43 names after production,which demonstrates a great distinction between two sexes.For the names after the four economic pillars,namely,hunting,farming,commerce,and warfare,only one female name appears in commercial activities.Meanwhile,only one female name uses the other names after production,and for the names shared by both sexes,only “儋”,“援”,and “窑” with less physical power requirement are used.It explains that in the agricultural society with low productivity,men,rather than women are the creator of social value,and further illustrates the phenomenon of looking up to men and down on women.Chapter 10 collects 50 names after daily life which involve clothing,food,living and transportation.In this sort,great distinction appears in transportation,utensil,feeder,and weapons for these names are not found in female names.Chapter 11 and Chapter 12 selected 62 names after morality which involves modesty,loyalty,forgiveness,honesty,and bravery.The number of names decreases in a sequence of modesty,loyalty,forgiveness,honesty,and bravery,which also demonstrates the requirements of the temporal morality.Li(rite),Yi(righteousness)and Ren(benevolence)are prominent in the five core concepts of Confucianism,namely,Ren(benevolence),Yi(righteousness),Li(rite),Zhi(wisdom),and Xin(loyalty).It demonstrates that common sense has been achieved in Li(rite),Yi(righteousness)and Ren(benevolence).This may symbolize the start point of the changes of the social philosophy from the contention of a hundred schools of thought to Confucianism worship alone.In the sexual part,modesty is the only morality of no sexual differences,which illustrates that modesty is the basic requirement of all people disregarding sexes or ages.Chapter 13 and 14 studies 64 names after aesthetic standard which center on goodness,magnificence,and safety and luckiness.Names after goodness and safety and luckiness overwhelm the other since people are inclined to name a person with good and lucky wishes.Chapter 15 and 16 selects 68 names after social evaluation which include wealth,intelligence and achievements.The number of these three elements decreases progressively,which illustrates the instinct of human beings to pursue material wealth.In a word,occupying material benefits is the basic requirement for human to live on,intelligence provides a material condition to grasp wealth,and achievement is the self-actualization of human beings.The dominance of the names after wealth demonstrates that people lay emphasis on wealth,which has never changed in human society.In all,naming after society features morality,aesthetic standard,and evaluation and names of two sexes are distributed equally in this sort.The fourth part is naming after multi-element,which is expanded in Chapter 17.Chapter 17 deliberates names selects 64 after multi-element which are elaborated with three categories: names after different small categories,names after two large categories and names after three large categories.Among them,names after two large categories have the largest number,and names after nature and society are prominent.This sort reflects the development of vocabulary from perpetual knowledge to conceptual knowledge.This category serves as significant research materials.Two-syllable compound names also exist in the names of Bamboo slips of Qin Dynasty.Disregarding its small amount,it provides reliable resources for grammatical study.This thesis highlights the deliberate overall and systematic collection and research on names.The materials studied in this paper have accurate times and authority in this field,which is supposed to provide supplementary materials and research approach for further study of names and language culture.