| Regardless of men and women,culture,occupation,as long as one had money to buy stocks,he became a stock investor.Due to the low threshold,the majority of stock investors could not have the professional investment skill and adequate time to trade stocks.But many factors affected the stock price ups and downs,and stock investors could not fully control these factors.For most stock investors,luck should play an important role in earning money in stock market.The belief of luck of the Stock investors was their export of sentiment and pressure,and their mental health and emotional stability were great impact on the national economy development and social stability.They couldn’t be underestimated.This study explored the relationship among the stock investor’s belief of luck,attribution model and personality traits,and attempted to provide specific suggestions and countermeasure for the mental health counseling and intervention.It also provided the reference for the policy making and the education and clinical practice.It promotes the belief in luck related researches in our country.Qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted in this study.On the basis of literature research,researcher translated and made revisions of Beliefs Around Luck Scale.Belief of Luck Questionnaire was developed according to the principles and standards of psychological tests on the basis of the belief model of luck in foreign countries.After two times of testing,exploratory factor analysis,verification factor analysis and other statistical methods,the final version of stock investors’ belief of luck was developed with reasonable reliability and validity.It contained a total of 27 items,with four dimensions.Reliability test showed that the total Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.789 of questionnaire.Cronbach alpha coefficients were ranging from 0.504 to 0.775 of each dimension.Validity test showed that the questionnaire had good content validity,construct validity and criterion validity.In order to figure out what are the personality characteristics that influenced stock investors’ belief in luck,and to get further understanding of how stock investors view the relationship between locus of control,big five personality and belief in luck.A questionnaire survey was carried out with Belief of Luck Questionnaire,Scale of Locus of Control and Big Five Personality Scale.T test on independent samples,variance analysis,correlation analysis were performed.1,200 Shanghai stock investors were recruited in the formal test.In order to figure out what are the personality characteristics that influenced stock investors’ belief in luck,and to get further understanding of how stock investors view the relationship between locus of control,big five personality and belief in luck.,researchers interviewed 19 Shanghai stock investors in a semi-structured way through in-depth interviews and grounded theory.With multi-level and multi-dimension,mutual authentication to reveal the characteristics and influencing factors of stock investors’ belief of luck,three projection tests were used,106 subjects carried out HTP drawing test,105 subjects carried out theme painting test and 7 subjects carried out Rorschach test.The Study demonstrated:1.The belief of luck questionnaire had good reliability and validity.It was reliable and valid.The stock investors’ belief of luck was differences in demographic variables.Locus of control was significantly correlated with the personal bad luck,belief in luck and the total score of the luck questionnaire.Neuroticism was significantly positively correlated with the total score of the luck questionnaire,and responsibility,agreeableness,and openness showed significantly negative correlation with the total score of the luck questionnaire.2.By means of qualitative coding analysis,a total of 1,231 third-level codes,35 second-level codes,and 11 first-level codes was developed,which constructed a personality model of stock investors’ belief in luck with 4 dimensions of the belief in luck and 7 major personality factors.Researcher found that the belief in luck has diversified characteristics.In general,investors believed that there was luck,but they agreed that investing stocks could not simply rely on luck.Most stock investors who made money relied on their own research,interpersonal relationships and information sources.Most stock investors believed that there was a close relationship between stock investing and their characters.3.As the test took place,China’s stock market was at its lowest point.HTP drawing found that the majority situation of stock investors were depressed,irritable,emptiness of life and lazy.Theme painting found that there were 7 categories of the luck concept.Most of them belonged to external control,and only a few categories belonged to internal control.The study also found that stock investors were lack of discipline,low motivational,social withdrawal,lack of confidence and other characteristics.These characteristics were easily led to the failure of the stock market.The Rorschach Inkblot Test found that most stock investors still remained in safety demand level,belongingness and love demand level and respect demand level without reaching self-realization demand level.Therefore,they spent a lot of energy in dealing with their own work and feeling problems.They didn’t put enough energy to study stock investment.The main conclusions of this study included:1.The sentiment of stock investors was expressed in the form of their luck.The stock investors’ belief of luck contained four dimensions of personal bad luck,personal good luck,belief in luck,and luck rejection,and they were affected by demographic variables,locus of control and big five personality.In particular,there was a close relationship between their belief of luck and emotional distress,and the former has a significant predict effect on the later.It was helpful to find out the causes of emotional disturbance by evaluating the stock investor’s belief of luck and its potential influencing factors.2.The scores in dimension of personal bad luck of female stock investors were significantly higher than that of male stock investors.The scores in dimension of luck rejection and belief of luck of the stock investors who were the only child were significantly lower than those who were not the only child.The older the sock investors,the less them believed in luck.The higher the degree of education,the higher scores in personal bad luck and belief of luck dimensions.The scores in believe in luck and belief of luck dimensions of the stock investors from the city were significantly lower than those from towns and rural areas.The poorer family financial situation of stock investors,the higher scores in personal good luck dimension.Full-time stock investors were significantly lower in personal good luck and belief of luck dimensions than part-time investors.The stock investors who’s seniority were under one year had significantly higher scores in belief in luck dimension than those with longer seniority.Stock investors who made money in the stock market had significantly lower scores in personal good luck dimension than those lost money in the stock market.Male,education below high school,original family area belonged to city,full-time stock investor,these four groups all belonged to the group with low scores in belief of luck dimension.The higher scores in external control,the higher scores in personal bad luck dimension.3.Personal bad luck dimension was positively correlated with neuroticism,but negatively correlated with openness,extraversion,agreeableness and responsibility.Personal good luck dimension was positively correlated with responsibility and extraversion,but positively correlated to openness.Belief in luck dimension was positively correlated to neuroticism.There was a significant positive correlation between luck rejection dimension and responsibility,agreeableness and extraversion.There was a significant positive correlation between the total scores of luck and neuroticism,and the total scores of luck were significantly negatively correlated with the sense of responsibility and agreeableness,and negatively correlated with openness.The educational background,family origin area,locus of control,neuroticism,extraversion,agreeableness and openness of the stock investors had significant predictive effect on the scores in belief of luck dimension.4.For the national economic and social stability,the relevant departments should establish the psychological intervention mechanism by modeling stock investors’ correct outlook on life,build internal locus of control thinking,strengthen the sense of responsibility,agreeableness,openness and train them to invest rationally,and not rely on luck to trade stocks.This study has an important reference value for the future research,investors’ policy formulation,and education and clinical practice field of the investors’ belief in luck in our country. |
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