A Study Of The Annotations Of The Book Of Songs By Mao Heng, Zheng Xuan And Zhu Xi

The Study of Scripture has always been a changing learning.Studying the scripture,we need to contact a Study of Scripture of a certain period of time with the specific historical context.As Wang Guowei argued, we should have an understanding of the ancient scholars.The saying of generations of outstanding scribes, all learned person at their own time, were not nonsense.This dissertation just as its topic, a Study of Mao Heng, Zheng Xuan,and Zhu Xi's Annotations of the Book of Songs implies,tries to make a comprehensive study of the works of the three outstanding scholars in Han and Song Dynasties.But the actual results, due to limited knowledge, the author is not confident of.There are eight chapters in this thesis. In the first chapter, Mao Zhuan, Zheng Jian and Three Books of Rites rearches the relationship between Mao Heng,Zheng Xuan's explaining language and Yili,Zhouli,Liji.Mao Heng and Zheng Xuan,based on their own understanding,established a link between the poetry and ceremony.First, the author,on the basis of Kong Shu, further analyses howo Mao Heng and Zheng Xuan's explaining language come from Three Books of Rites. Second, to Mao Heng and Zheng Xuan's improper explanation, the writer puts forward his own idea. Such as Meng Jiang in Zheng Feng · You Nv Tong Che,explained as the eldest daughter of State Qi by Zheng Xuan,now is corrected as a beauty expression.Third, it points out the problem of explaining Poetry according to Rites. Such as Xiao Ya · Si Mu, the author rearches Wang Shi mood and the whole poem style,then points out Mao Zhuan's ignorance of the times and events,a disadvantage of his works.The second chapter, Mao Zhuan,Zheng Jian and Literature, points out Mao Zhuan referred to the following ancient works:Mencius,the Book of Filial Piety,Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu.When usingthe quotations to interpret the Poetry", Mao Heng would give the original text in addition to his own words.For example, in the quote of Shan Mu Gong's saying in GuoYu to explain ????......, Mao Heng inserted the phrase Yin andYang harmonious before the quotation.But Yin and Yang was a philosophical term popular in the early Xi Han Dynasty.It also pointed out Zheng Xuan cited of the text of Yi Zhuan,ShangShu,Spring and Autumn,the Analects of Confucius,the Book of Filial Pietyand the Book of Songs.The third chapter,an investigation of Mao Zhuan's content.First, Mao Zhuan explained the meaning of a Chinese character in the poem, in fact, the Chinese character borrows the meaning of another character which has the same or similar sound as it,the paper pointes out those replaced characters.For example, ? in Zhou Nan·Guan Ju in the first chapter,explained as ?? by Mao Heng,should be thought a substitute of ?.Second,Mao Zhuan's annotation method of comparing the text of the Book of Songs.For example,Mao Zhuan explained ? of ???? in Chapter One of Bei Feng · Di Dong as ??,because he noticed ???? in Xiao Ya · Cai Lv. Third, points out that the errors and shortcomings of Mao Zhuan.Fourth, Mao Zhuan's proving Poetry with history.Fifth, Reflecting Mao Heng's own philosophy in his notes.The fourth chapter, an investigation of Zheng Jian's content.First, a comprehensive study of Zheng Xuan's explanation to Chinese characters. Zheng changed one Chinese character to another because they are similar in form or appearance as he did when explaining Shi Da Xu,thinking ? should be ?.Zheng also wrote out the borrowed word, as in the solution of Mao Zhuan of Zhou Nan · Guan Ju,replacing ? with ?. Second, analyzing and classifying the content of Zheng Jian related to linguistics as follows:using nominal to explain predicate, rhetoric, fill a sentence,tone of a line, analysis of grammar system for between and within the lines, solution of dialect words in the poem, exploring the etymology.Third, using history to prove poetry.Fourth, Philosophy in Zheng Xuan's solution of poetry. Fifth, shortcomings and errors.The fifth chapter, Contrast of Mao Zhuan and Zheng Jian.Some of it is choosing the right one from the interpretations of Mao Heng and Zheng Xuan. For example, Mao Zhuan explained ? in ???? in Zhou Nan · Cai Fan as ? and Zheng Jian interpretation it as ?,the author agrees with the former.The other is Zheng Jian giving out basis to Mao Zhuan, and so on.The sixth chapter, an investigation of explaining regulations of Zhu Xi's Shi Ji Zhuan.First, to strengthen his own understanding of the main meaning of the poem;Second, quoting the books to comment on the characters in the poem;Third, quoting the former or his cotemporary scholar's view about main meaning of a poem, which he agrees to;Fourth, to quote his cotemporary scholar's understanding of the main meanings of the chapter,expressing his own consent;Fifth, citing contemporary scholars' opinions about the meaning of a title;Sixth, citing contemporary scholars' opinions about the meaning of a word;Seventh,quoting the books to prove the meaning of a word; Eighth, citing contemporaries to explain the names of objects;ninth, citing contemporaries'comments on the events in the poems to show his own tendency;Tenth,through interpretation of the poems to express his own philosophy.The seventh chapter,Mao Zhuan,zheng Jian and Zhu Xi's Shi Ji Zhuan elucidating the technique of expressions of the Book of Songs:Fu,Bi and Xing.First,Mao Zhuan labelled 116 poems as ?, and gave an interpretation of political nature. This,in comparison with sporadic referring to ? in Zhou Li or by pre-qin scholars such as Confucius,is an innovation, was a unique contribution to founding of the Study of Scripture in the early Western Han Dynasty. Second, Zheng's explanations,combined with the poems,of ?, on the basis of Mao Zhuan, sometimes were different from Mao's.Thirdly, Zhu Xi did a comprehensive research of ?,?,?, which,in the new era, starting from the text,was refreshing.The eighth chapter,Mao Zhuan, Zheng Jian and Zhu Xi's Shi Ji Zhuan Contrast. There are three kinds of situations:Shi Ji Zhuan is the same as Mao Zhuan, or Zheng Jian,or gives a new explanation.