East China Normal University

Within the development of Chinese Ci,Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty plays an important role and the researches on it have achieved fruitful results in recent years.Based on the form of specific discussion,this dissertation aims to elaborate on Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty in order to catch the most core and fundamental problems of Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty.At the same time,narrated through the clues of "history",it also exams the dynamic evolution process of Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty and thus provides a new perspective and research method.By the analysis of Antiquity-re-vival Movement and Wang Yangming's Philosophy,this dissertation,in a broader level,attempts a full grasp of the evolution of Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty and eventually reveals its major characteristics and significant values.This dissertation consists of the introduction,main text(six chapters),conclusion,appendix,etc.The introductory part discusses the research status of Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty,analyzes the reasons for its "halfway decline" and introduces the research methods and ideas.The first chapter provides an examination on Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty from the perspective of Antiquity-revival Movement.Because of the influence of Antiquity-revival Movement in literature,Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty also presented a trend of Antiquity-revival.Behind the "respect gracefulness and restrain boldness" and "battle of dominance and variation"is revealed the Ci concept of "major affection and secondary words" and "words for amorous feelings".And also because the folk song is popularized like real nature and bowed with affection and emotion,the slogan of "real poetry lives only in the folk" was put forward in the Ming dynasty.Under the influence of this concept,the claim of "extend the vulgar and abolish the elegant" was also put forward in Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty.Due to the loss of the music in Ci Poetry,the Ming dynasty carried out a music search on Ci poetry,hoping to be able to date back to the ancient music by following the arts of metrical poetry.The second chapter inspects "the emotionalism speaks" under the background of Wang Yangming's Philosophy.Due to the penetration of Wang Yangming's Philosophy,the understanding of characteristics of the Ci Poetry was influenced to the point that Ci was the art of"the emotionalism",especially expressing the love between men and women.From that,a mainstream view was established in the Ming dynasty that Ci Poetry was considered to originate from Six-Dynasty Yue Fu.And the moral value of Ci Poetry was also interpreted with an idea that"the real feeling is sex",which had found justification for erotic expressions in Ci Poetry.Consistent with the idea that "the emotionalism speaks",the aesthetic purport of worshiping northern song dynasty and denying southern song was displayed in the Ming dynasty.The third chapter discusses the concept that "the genre speaks" in the Ming dynasty,meaning that although poetry has divergent styles,it also shares the same properties.Inspired by poetic expressions in The Book of Songs,Ming people held that the "argumentation" was also contained in the small words and political metaphors could be also revealed through vanilla and beauty,and thus achieved the purpose of respecting Ci Poetry from its political function.Through explaining Ci's purification function of "sympathy and admonishing" and its theory of "emotional comfort",Ming people uncovered the Ci's different value functions from other styles.The interpretation of Ci's homology,the discovery of its "argumentation" and the narration of its purification and emotion functions indicated that Ming people's understanding of the Ci's characteristics tended to be of independence.The fourth chapter studies "the change view" of Ci theory in the Ming Dynasty.In view of the literary development in the Ming Dynasty,various genres appeared.Ming people checked Ci Poetry in the macro history,trying to find a reason for the change in styles.Under the influence of"the change view" Ming people also put forward the unique development and value views of Ci Poetry.And they intended to recommend the classic works of various styles in their flourishing periods,and "literary generations" became the mainstream view of Ming people.In the process of examining all kinds of genres and their change,Ming people put forward a series of valuable and meaningful concepts,which were deeply immersed into the internal discussion of literary creations,even into the poetics of the Qing Dynasty.The fifth chapter analyzes the creation theory of Ci poetry in the Ming Dynasty.With the maturity of Ci art and the development the Ci theory,Ming people had a new understanding of Ci creation.They lay emphasis on temperament,thinking that Ci creation was the necessity to express temperament.Their disposition views tended to be of natural ones,but also attached importance to a scholarship for study.During the discussion of Ci creation,Ming people inherited and learned from the poetic concept of "Xing".In talking about the influence of objects on minds,they explored the Ci from the angle of the pure art.They also put forward the creation method of" virtual,real,near and far" in order to achieve the aesthetic effect of the implication.They pursued the artistic characteristics of "total harmony" and put forward some creative techniques such as "the traces of snakes and earthworms" and "a consistent stream".Therefore,it can be explained that Ming people's understanding of Ci's characteristics was much deeper.The sixth chapter discusses the development history of Ci in Ming dynasty.According to its development of,Ci Poetry in Ming dynasty can be divided into three stages.The first stage lasted from the first year of Hongwu(1368)to the Chenghua(1487),which was the earliest development of Ci in the Ming dynasty.The second phase started from the beginning of Hongzhi(1522)to the six years of Longqing(1572),which was the exploring period of Ci.And the boom of Ci in the Ming dynasty began from the first year of Wanli(1573)to the seventeen years of Chongzhen(1644).Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty completed a circle from gracious and energetic period in the beginning of the Ming dynasty,to the period under the influence of Antiquity-revival Movement in the middle of it,and finally to the period of controlling the perceptual feeling by reason in the late of it.The conclusion summarizes the main viewpoints:under the influence of Antiquity-revival Movement and Wang Yangming's Philosophy,Ming people constructed their own Ci theories in the pursuit of antiquity-revival.Antiquity-revival and blending of "today" got the organic combination in the media of folk songs.The artistic features of folk songs are deeply penetrated into the Ci creation and the understanding of Ci's characteristic in the Ming Dynasty.It is based on this point that the Ci Poetry in the Ming dynasty shows different characteristics from that in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.