| Objective:Emotional activities are based on Zang Fu organs,Qi and blood,which are generated by Zang Fu activities and regulated by Zang Fu functions.Blood is considered to be the main material basis of mental activity,and all kinds of emotional activities are inseparable from blood feeding.Modern studies show that red blood cells and a variety of hemoglobin related indicators are related to emotional regulation.With the change of menstrual cycle and Qi and blood,women's mood are fluctuated.Although there are many clinical observations on the emotion of tension and irritability during the premenstrual period or menstruation,there is no further discussion on what's the difference in the emotional state between the premenstrual period and the late period of menstruation,and what kind of women will have such a difference.In this study,the most obvious phase of the two Qi and blood differences between the premenstrual period and the late menstrual period was selected.By the modern psychological emotion video induced experiment,the subjective emotion feeling and the related physiological indexes were measured to explore the emotional characteristics of the different phases of the menstrual cycle.Two kinds of women who had different emotional states before and after menstruation were screened to explore the emotion of women on what kind of state of physical and mental health tend to fluctuate with menstrual cycle,so that to enrich the theoretical content of the influence of menstruation on emotion.Methods:1.Screening of subjects and investigation of health status Taking the female students in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as the research object,the subjects of BAI<45,BDI-21<20,BMI<24,and no obvious abnormal results of physical examination were selected by questionnaire and physical examination.The subjects entered the group after sign the informed consent.Subjects were asked to fill in BAI,BDI,EPQ-RSC,health status questionnaires and menstruation questionnaire to investigate their emotional and physical discomfort.The plasma samples were collected at any morning n the menstrual cycle to detect the content of hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell pressure product(Hct),red blood cell distribution width(RDW),erythrocyte mean volume(MCV).plasma erythropoietin(EPO),plasma five serotonin(5-HT),plasma dopamine(DA),and plasma norepinephrine(NE).The saliva was collected in 0min,30min,45min and 60min after awakening 1-7 days and 1-7 days after menstruation to detect the content of GC.2.Video-inducing experimentThe movie with joy and sadness characteristics is selected as the experimental video material.According to the menstrual cycle of each subjects,the subjects completed the experiment 1?7 days before the menstruation(luteal phase)and 1?7 days after menstruation(follicular phase).The experiment was divided into resting,joyful video,neutral video and sad video stage.The sequences of joy and sadness video were randomly divided into groups.The heart rate,heart rate variability and EEG data of the subjects were collected synchronously in the experiment,and the subjective emotion assessment questionnaire and saliva were collected before and after the video.3.Detection of heart rate and heart rate variabilityThe heart rate and heart rate variability data of resting,joyful video,neutral video and sad video were collected by the MP150 physiological recorder of Biopac company in the United States.The indexes of heart rate and heart rate variability include:(1)time domain index:SDNN,RMSSD,NN50 and PNN50;(2)frequency domain index:LF;HF and TP.4.Detection of EEGThe 40 brain electrical recording system developed by the American Neuroscan company is used to collect brain wave data in the stages of resting,joyful video,neutral video and sad video.The analysis indexes include the power of delta wave(0.15?4 Hz),theta wave(48Hz),alpha wave(8?13Hz),beta wave(13?25Hz)and gamma wave(25?100Hz).5.Group analysisThe subjects were grouped according to the change trend of the calming score after watching the joyful video in late period of menstruation.The subjects whose scores decreased was in the lower group(group A),and those whose score increased was in higher group(group B).The scores of BDI,BAI and EPQ-RSC in the 2 groups were compared,and the frequency of body discomfort,the related indexes of erythrocyte,neurotransmitter metabolism and the level of CAR before and after menstruation were compared.The overall dimension of emotion,specific dimension of emotion,GC content of saliva,AA content of saliva,heart rate,heart rate variability and the power of each electrode in EEG were also compared.Results:1.Baseline information.The subjects were BAI<45 and BDI-21<20.There was no obvious anxiety and depression.The common physical discomfort included menstrual clot in menstrual blood,diarrhea,loose stool,dysmenorrhea and dry mouth.The related indexes of erythrocyte metabolism and neurotransmitter metabolism were basically in the normal reference value.The level of CAR was higher in the premenstrual period.2.Emotion induced experimentOn the overall level of emotion,the changes in the overall dimension of the mood after the 3 emotional videos were basically the same before and after menstruation,all of which showed the decrease in the pleasure degree after neutral video,and the unchange of arousal and dominance.The arousal and dominance increased after joyful and sad video.The pleasure decreased after sad video.The fluctuation of pleasure of joyful video before and after menstruation was different,which was unchanged before menstruation and obvious rises after menstruation.The dominance of joyful video and sad video in late menstrual period is higher.In the specific dimension of emotion,the change of emotion specific dimension score before and after menstruation are basically the same after watching neutral and sad video,which was neutral video reduces pleasure score and the calm score unchanged.Sad video reduced the score of calm and pleasure,and increased the sadness score.After watching the joyful video,the mood state was different before and after menstruation,which was basically unchanged calm score and increased pleasure score before menstruation,and decreased calm score and unchanged pleasure score after menstruation.The results of comparison of thespecific emotion dimensions of pre and post menstrual showed that the calm,pleasure and sadness score in resting or after watching neutral video were basically consistent between pre and post menstrual.The calmness score was higher in the premenstrual period after watching joyful or sad vedio.3.Peripheral biological characteristicsThe content of saliva GC showed a downward trend after the subjects watched the joy or sad video,and the GC level in the premenstrual period was slightly higher than that in the late period of menstruation,but the difference was not significant.GC content decreased significantly after watching joyful vedio after menstrual period,but there was no significant change in premenstrual period.The AA content in saliva did not change significantly after watching the joyful video.After watching the sad video,the AA content increased significantly.The change trend of AA content before and after menstruation is basically the same,and there is no significant difference.The following trend of heart rate and heart rate variability was the main trend after watching happy or sad videos.The decrease of LF,HF and TP in the premenstrual after wathing joyful vedio was more obvious,while SDNN and RMSSD were basically unchanged.After the period of menstruation,the SDNN and RMSSD decreased more obviously,while LF,HF and TP changed little after watching joyful vedio.4.Brain activity in centralThe electrode power of the brain regions before and after menstruation was compared.In the resting stage,the electrode power of each brain region was generally higher than that in the late menstrual period.The left frontal,frontal,central,temporal theta waves,the left frontal frontal and the frontal alpha wave,the left frontal and temporal beta wave,the left posterior temporal gamma wave were the main delta waves in the left brain region.EEG power was higher in premenstrual and later period after watching joyful video,and in most of delta waves,the power of premenstrual period was higher in most of the brain regions.The power of theta wave was higher in the center of the frontal lobe and in the left middle posterior temporal period.The power of the middle of the alpha wave and the late stage of the right apex was high,and the power of beta wave and the premenstrual premenstrual premenstrual power of gamma wave was higher.The power of the middle and right apex of the middle period is high.After watching sad video,the power difference between EEG before and after menstruation was relatively small,only the power of beta wave in the premenstrual premenstrual period was higher,the right posterior temporal power was higher,and the right posterior and right posterior temporal power of gamma wave was higher.The changes of electrode power in different brain regions before and after menstruation were compared.In the resting stage,the electrode power in each brain area is generally higher than that in the late menstrual period,and the power is higher in the left frontal part,forehead,temporal part and central part.The EEG power of subjects before and after menstruation is significantly different,but the power after watching sad video is relatively close.After the subjects watched joyful video,the power of beta wave and gamma wave in the left frontal part of the premenstrual period was higher,and the power of theta wave in the left central and left middle posterior temporal region was higher,while the higher power of alpha wave,beta wave and gamma wave in the late period of menstruation concentrated in the top and right top.The distribution of electrodes with different periods of power is basically the same as that of joy videos.The power of left anterior temporal and right frontal delta waves increased and the power of theta wave in the left frontal part of the frontal lobe increased,the power of the left frontal lobe,the left frontal,the left central and the middle left anterior temporal gamma waves increased,while the delta wave power in the right top and right posterior temporal region decreased in the left anterior and right posterior temporal delta waves.The power of theta wave in temporal region decreases,and the power of beta wave in right frontal part,central part,top part and temporal part decreases.In the late period of menstruation,there was less brain area with lower electrode power.Under the excitement of joy and sadness,the power of the left anterior temporal,left frontal and frontal delta waves and theta waves increased,and the power of betabo and gamma waves in most of the brain regions increased.5.Group analysisIn baseline state,the scores of BAI and BDI in B group were low,EPQ-E score was significantly higher,but EPQ-P and EPQ-N scores were slightly higher.In hemoglobin metabolism,hemoglobin related indicators and EPO showed a low trend.The neurotransmitter content showed a low trend.In group B,the level of CAR was higher in the premenstrual period.Under emotional stimulation,on subjective emotion,the score of pleasure and sadness in Group B were slightly higher than that in Group A after happy and sad emotion induced.The score of calm in Group B was significantly lower that on Group A after watching happy vedio before menstruation and it was significantly higher that in Group A after menstruation.In terms of HPA axis function,the saliva GC level of Group B was slightly higher than that in group A before and after the menstruation after watching happy videos.In terms of ANS function,the saliva AA level in Group B was higher than that in Group A on each stage.The trend of heart rate and heart rate variability were the opposite before or after the menstruation after watching happy vedios.It was lower in Group B in the premenstrual phase and was higher in Group B in the postmenstrual phase significantly a.The trend of heart rate and heart rate variability were accordanced before and after the menstruation after watching other vedios.The EEG electrode power in Group B in the resting stage were higher.The different brain area were more after emotional stimulation in 2 groups.The power of beta and gamma wave were lower on the right top and right posterior temporal after watching happy vedio in Group B.The power of beta and gamma wave were higher on the left top after watching happy and sad vedio in Group B.Conclusion:The emotional state of women before and after menstruation is different,which may be due to different experiences of joy.Before menstruation,the basic stress level is high and the brain function is strong(with the left brain prominent).The experience of joyful emotion is more pessimistic,out of control,and disorderly,and the ANS activity in the body's physiological response is reduced,but the activity of the HPA axis is not sensitive to joy,still at a high level,and the body may still be in the tension.The left anterior cerebral area of the nervous system is the main activity.After menstruation,the basic stress level was low,and the experience of joyful emotion was more optimistic,controllable and flat.The activity of ANS decreased in the body's physiological response,while the activity of HPA axis was more sensitive,its activity level was reduced,the body state was relaxed,and the middle and right brain area were the main activities in the central nervous system.Before menstruation,the blood sea is full,but the body,especially the liver blood is partial empty,the feminine menstruation is even more bad mood experience besides is related to the blood deficiency besides the liver stagnation.There are 2 changes in the feelings of joy before and after menstruation.The calm degree of self reporting is higher before menstruation or higher after menstruation,which is more complex or more pleasurable before menstruation.Women who are more pleasurable before menstruation may be partial to the state of stagnation of the liver and the possibility of a slight deficiency of the blood.The body may be in a state of partial blood deficiency after menstruation and a higher level of physical stress.They also have the material basis for a depression.Under the stimulation of joy,the mood of these women are more complex.The HPA axis activation level is higher.The ANS activity level is higher after menstruation.The brain function activity is stronger.The variation of Yang Qi during the menstrual cycle may play a role in the change of female mood with the menstrual cycle.In addition to liver stagnation,blood deficiency may be one of the important syndromes of female emotional discomfort. |
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