| Background: Cystic Echinococcosis(CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, E.g). It is worldwide distributed with high prevalence in pastoral area and continues to be a global health problems. Humans and some herbivores including sheep is are the intermediate, and ingest its eggs expelled from the definitive host. After the eggs ingestion, it enters the stomach, duodenum and upper part of jejunum, where it may transform into oncospheres. Thus, the oncospheres finally reside itself into liver, as well as other visceral organs to develop a lesion that cause huge damages to hosts. Previous studies showed that the E.granulosus infection may intervene the Th1/Th2 balance and induces non-protective Th2 immune responsing profiles with the succeed E.g growth of the parasite. Since mucosal immune barrier in intestine belong to the lymphocyte immune system it is the first barrier when E.granulosus during the Infections. However, very few is known about the possible roles of E.g infections on the mucosal barrier in intestine. Naturally E.g infected sheep were considered for randomized controlled trial. EILSA and IHC techniques were applied to analyze the level of part of immune factor may relate to Th1 / Th2(IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-?) in peripheral blood and small intestinal mucosal tissue. Meanwhile, liposomal albendazole was administered to evaluate the alteration of immunoresponse mediated by Th1/Th2 balance. Besides case-control study is underwent the infection rate of H Pylori between expression Hepatic CE patients and the controls in initial human study. The possible impact of E.g infection on its mucosal immune barrier and corresponding intestinal microecologically change. Finally, the possible role of infection on mucosal barrier and the initial prevention were discussed. Methods: The 24-36 months old sheep naturally infected with E.granulosus were chosen through ultrasonographic screening from 986 sheep in Bayinbuluke grassland, Xinjiang. Then divided into two groups by random number table: Abendazole group and E.granulosus. infected group, as well as 10 health sheep as control group. With strict compliance with random triple blinding policy, those sheep were fed 3 months. Peripheral blood and intestinal mucosal were procured after sacrifice of the sheep.. The levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-? in peripheral blood were assessed by ELISA, and to assess the alteration of cytokines in peripheral blood in E.granulosus infected and albendazole administered sheep. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-? in intestinal mucosal were detected by IHC test. Moreover, 51 patients with cystic echinococcosis and 30 health were enrolled and the H Pylori infection by Chemiluminescence were detected. The potential impact of intestinal microecology and intestinal mucosal immune barrier in E.granulosus infection Results: 1) The level of serum IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-? both in naturally E.granulosus infected group were highly elevated compared than control group, while, only IL-10 showed statistical significance.(P<0.01). The IHC expression of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-? in intestinal mucosa showed that IFN-? in infected group is significantly higher than control(P<0.05). 2) After administration of albendazole liposome, Th2 cell related cytokine IL-6 and IL-10 were all reduced, with IL-10 showed statistical significance(P<0.01). The result of IHC showed that the Th1 correlate factor IFN-? keep in a higher level, and has statistical significance(P<0.01), the level of Th2 related cytokine IL-10 is decreased, but with no statistical significance(P<0.893). 3) 51 infected patients with cystic echinococcosis were tested H Pylori antibody by Chemiluminescence, result showed positive rate was 74.51% in cystic echinococcosis patients, while 50.00% in control group with statistical significance between two groups(P=0.025). Conclusion: This study was conducted on naturally infected sheep, which may be mimic, to a larger extent, a human E.g infectious model. The initial results showed as follows: 1) Th2 dominant immune profile in peripheral blood, while, Th1 dominant in intestinal mucosa. 2) Albendazole administration enhances the Th1 immune response and suppress Th2 immune response profile both in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa. 3) In the case-control study of the correlation between human infected by E.granulosus and H Pylori infections, the change of intestinal microecology may have an impact on the function of intestinal mucosal immune barrier after E.granulosus. infection, and H Pylori maybe co-infected with E.granulosus. And it may provide a patential research direction to search how E.granulosus impact the intestinal mucosal immune barrier. |
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