| Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)(Diptera:Tephritidae)is a global important vegetable and fruits pest,it is listed as quarantine pest and national important alien invasive species.In 2014,Bactrocera invadens Drew Tsuruta&White,B.papaya Drew&Hancock and B.philippinensis Drew&Hancock are proved to be the same biological species as B.dorsalis,which is widely distributed in Africa,Asia and Pacific regions.Based on the "four in one" background and widely global distribution range,population structure,establishment risk and potential distribution were studied on this species as follows:(1)Using wing geometric morphometric to study the population structure between six groups,63 populations,1216 individuals,the population structure based on wing shape was general weak,the wing centroid size of the central China group is the largest while the smallest was found in south Asia group;(2)Using microsatellite marker to study the population genetic structure between six groups,63 populations,2867 individuals,the genetic structure of Asia was weak among the populations;India was proved to be the original region subsequently spread to Asia and Africa;the central China group also showed high genetic diversity which indicated a northward spread of this species;(3)Using SOM to study the establishment risk of 177 species in 118 countries,then obtained the rank of the establishment risk of B.dorsalis in the absent countries,the species showed high establishment risk in most of the absent countries,and countries geographically closely usually share similar fruit fly assemblage in turn will present more threat to each other;(4)Using ecological niche modelling Maxent to study the current and future potential geographical distribution of B.dorsalis.Except the present regions,the western coast and southeast of American,most of Central America and South America,Mediterranean coastal European regions,Northern part and coastal Australia,north island of New Zealand were also suitable for the species.As the climate change,the potential geographical distribution of thd species showed expansion trend and the suitability level improved;(5)Combined the results above,the following regions should take measures of early warming and surveillance of this species:the northwest coast and southeast American,most parts of Central America and South America,Mediterranean coast of European regions,Northern China,Northern part and coastal Australia,north island of New Zealand.The information gleaned from this study has broad implications for quarantine,trade and management of this pest,especially in China where it is expanding northward. |
