| With the development of life and economy,people need more and better milk,low costis important to increase farmer's income.It's critical for ruminant animal breeding toprocess scientifically and use reasonably forage,because Dairy cattle need 70-80%strawcoarse fodder.Henan is the main producing areas of wheat,wheat straw is abundant,cheaper,more convenient for ruminant animal breeding.But the nutrition of wheat straw islow,palatability is poor,voluntary feed intake is less,although which is proceeded byphysical,chemical or microbiogical reaction.Because of limited technology and finance,farmers have to increase the concentrated feed.which results in a series of nutritional andmetabolic disease,such as SARA which affects the development of China's dairyindustry.This thesis aims at the health and production of wheat straw coarse feed dairy cowsunder test,determination of bovine rumen parameters,blood index,endotoxin,histaminecontent and wheat straw degradation rate,to explore the mechanism of SARA nutrition,andto determine the type of straw forage under the condition of optimum concentrate to forageratio.1 Study of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio on the induction of SARA.Test using the self contrast method,fed with forage to concentrate ratio,respectively50:50?60:40?70:30?80:20.Research results that,pH<5.50 volatility durationnear 4h/d,pH<5.80 fluctuate between the duration of nearly 8h/d rumen when increasingdietary concentrate to forage ratio was 80:20.Experimental animal had no acute acidosisclinical symptoms,which illustrates the test successful a cow SARA state,animal in subhealthy state.2 Effects of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio induced by SARA on the rumenmetabolic parametersTest using the self contrast method,fed with forage to concentrate ratio,respectively50:50?60:40?70:30?80:20.Research result that the rumen pH value reduced,the acidic environment of rumen changed and feed digestibility reduced under the condition of wheat straw coarse fodder,with dietary concentrate to forage ratio.Acetic acid,acetate/propionate increase drop,but propionic acid,butyric acid content increased under low quality wheat straw coarse feed conditions,increasing concentrate ratio has some slow action occurs concentrate on SARA.3 Effects of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio induced by SARA on e blood index of dairyTest using the self contrast method,fed with forage to concentrate ratio,respectively 50:50?60:40?70:30?80:20.Research results that pH value of blood test period,HCO3-decreased significantly,had little effect on BE,SBC under the condition of wheat straw coarse fodder,with dietary concentrate to forage ratio.With the dietary concentrate to forage ratio increased serum potassium ion concentration,calcium ion concentration of sodium ion concentration,a two change,no significant differences in each test period,serum chloride decreased significantly;with the dietary concentrate to forage ratio increased,the indexes of blood is within the normal physiological range,in the wheat straw coarse feed conditions,high concentrate can still make the body with blood buffer ability,maintain acid-base balance.4 Effects of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio induced SARA on blood and rumen endotoxin and histamine contentTest using the self contrast method,fed with forage to concentrate ratio,respectively 50:50?60:40?70:30?80:20.Research results show that,with the increase of dietary concentrate to crude ratio,increase in histamine content in rumen fluid and plasma of cows,differences were not significant(P>0.05),suggesting that the wheat straw coarse feed condition,high concentrate did not cause aggravate the effects of histamine on SARA with diet;fine coarse ratio,increasing in rumen fluid and plasma endotoxin in dairy cattle,differences were not significant(P>0.05),suggesting that the wheat straw coarse feed condition,high concentrate did not cause aggravate the effects of endotoxin on SARA.5 Effects of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio on production performance of dairy cattleAn experiment was conducted to study the effect of the type straw coarse fodder in different forage to concentrate ratio condition,fore lactating cows in late lactation and milkyield and composition effects.The experimental results show that,the effect of feedingwhole wheat straw coarse feed condition,high concentrate diets can significantly improvemilk yield of dairy cows in early lactation(P<0.05),while the middle lactation milk yieldwith test duration decreased significantly(P<0.05);ratio of concentrate to roughage thelactation period milk protein,milk fat,non-fat dry milk and lactose content had nosignificant effect(P>0.05);comprehensive milk production and composition analysis ofearly lactation,ratio of concentrate to roughage in late lactation for 70:30,40:60 effect isbetter,at a certain ratio of concentrate to roughage range,high precision diet can improvethe production of milk cow performance of dairy cows,beneficial to body health and theproduction of high quality milk.6 Effects of wheat stove forage to concentrate ratio on rumen environment And bloodparametersAn experiment was conducted to investigate dynamic changes of rumen pH?VFA(VFA,including the variation of the acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid),and theirserum mineral and biochemical indicator simpact.Three non-pregnant healthy cows duringthe dry period w ere used to study.Test using a 3 × 3 Latin square design,fed with forage toconcentrate ratio,respectively 40:60,60:40,80:20 installments 15d which 14d pre-trialperiod,Id sampling period.Straw-type dietary forage to concentrate ratio higher rumen pHin 60:40,when the pH value decreased significantly(P<0 05)in 80:20;a significantincrease in the forage to concentrate ratio 80:20,propionic acid,butyric acid(P<0 05)increased with dietary forage to concentrate ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid decreasedserum K + increased(P<0 05),other minerals had no significant effect(P>0 05);serumGLU a significant increase(P<0 05),serum TP,ALB,,BUN,no significant influence(P>005).The results show that dietary forage to concentrate more than able to significantlychange the ruminal pH,VFA ratio and serum K +,GLU,the cow obtained to lerance andestablished stable rumen ecosystem with the increase of wheat stove forage to concentrateration.7 Straw type of roughage coarse fine application ratioBy selecting multiple with dairy farming area representative field feeding trial,theresults showed that the wheat straw coarse fodder dietary concentrate to forage ratio for 70:30 in early lactation,lactation in the late 40:60,production of high performance of dairy cows,body condition improved,to improve breeding efficiency to a certain extent,but also can realize the straw recycling,reduce the waste of resources. |
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