High Throughput Transformation Of Sorghum CDNA Library To Improve Rice

Rice production is the hotspot of scientific research for the critic role it played in protecting food security of the world. As swift development of functional genomics, more and more rice genes related to important agronomic traits have been identified. These cloned genes usually come from rice itself that have been widely used in the traditional breeding programs. Sorghum, corn and wheat are all cereal crops of the grass family, which carry great many of highly valuable genes that can help to improve rice. In order to explore the favorite genes in Sorghum, we construct a full-length cDNA overexpression library, and perform a high throughput transformation of rice so as to gain some valuable transgenic rice with high yield, strong resistance to disease or extreme environments.In this study, we transformed a high quality Sorghum cDNA overexpression library already constructed into rice, and created a thousand of rice mutants.37 cDNAs were submitted into NCBI database for search to evaluate the quality of cDNA library, CDSs of 20 cDNAs were the same with that deposited in NCBI database, another 16 cDNAs also had ORFs, so the library was usable; at the same time, through homologous comparation, we predict that 5 genes of 37 cDNAs may be new genes in Sorghum.1229 positive strains of rice were obtained and the characters of the transgenic plants referring to plant height, tiller, leaf shape, leaf angle, panicle type, leaf color, grain type and so on. We observed and collected related data. The results were that 92.2% changed in leaf Length,58.3% had difference in leaf width,48.6% in heading date changed, nearly 91.5% in plant height became shorter and 83.9% in effective spike had significant difference; Through the investigation of the properties of all transgenic lines, the transgene process does have an impact on plant height and fertility in rice; we can further design plans and research these transgenic lines with genetic stability such as leaf angle, grain size, grain type (starch synthesis). The gene Sb01g013740 was cloned and retransformed into rice, and we proved that the overexpression of this gene could make the rice seed smaller, as to whether it would affect the rice plant height and panicle type, more experiments should be done. We mainly focus on grain yield, and through the analysis of 92 strains, we found that yield of 19 strains increased,13 of 14 cloned genes had complete CDSs,7 cDNAs were sorghum resistance-related genes, which suggested that these genes were likely to increase rice yield by enhancing the adaptability of rice. This research is an attempt to use the cDNA overexpression library to create a functional mutant of rice and it is proved that this method is feasible and effective.