Effects Of Two Kinds Of Nanomaterials On Organisms By Using Radioisotope Tracer Method And CT Imaging

The application of nanotechnology in life science and information technology has great prospects.In medical applications mainly involves the diagnosis,treatment,and repairment.Nanoparticles can cause pathological changes in the morphology and dysfunction of organs and cells,subcellular structure,even cause cell death.The biological application of nanomaterials should be studied and evaluated comprehensively and detailedly on biosafety.In this paper,the biodegradation and toxicity of cadmium sulfide(Cd S)and Graphene oxide/Silver nanoparticles(GO/Ag NPs)in mice were studied by ICP-OES spectroscopy and radioisotope tracing.CT imaging was used to reflect the distribution of two kinds of nanosized materials in the mice.In addition,a preliminary study of the prevention or treatment drugs for the damages caused by GO/Ag NPs were also conducted..i.The results indicated that most of Cd S were retained by the lungs after intravenous injection to the mice,and the tissues of the liver,spleen,kidney and pancreas were also uptaked in a certain degree;the largest accumulation was reached at 6h for the heart,liver,lungs,and kidney tissues.The Cd S accumulated in tissues could decrease gradually with time except for that in the spleen,but increased in the heart,liver,spleen,and kidney at 48 h after exposure.The analysis of BUN,CREA,Cys-C,ALT,AST and TB in serum indicated that the Cd S had a serious damage on the liver and kidney of the mice.ii.Radioisotope tracer method were used to reveal the interactions of GO/Ag NPs and simvastatin in mice.After co-injection of GO/Ag NPs and simvastatin,GO/Ag NPs significantly affected the distribution pattern of simvastatin in vivo.Simvastatin would be distributed to the lungs of mice following GO/Ag NPs.The analysis of BUN,CREA,Cys-C,ALT,AST and TB in serum showed a serious damage on the liver and kidney,especially,in 20 and 30 mg/kg.bw of the GO/Ag NPs.Low doses of simvastatin(10,20 g/kg.bw)can make the abnormal level of ALT return to normal(p<0.05 vs control groups),and almost all abnormal level of markers except for BUN could return to normal level as compared with control groups after injection with 20 mg/kg.bw of simvastatin,suggesting that 20 mg/kg.bw is the potential optimal dose for the therapy of simvastatin for tissue lesions induced by GO/Ag NPs in vivo.Moreover,the function disorder of liver and kidney induced by GO/Ag NPs may be alleviated by simvastatin,no matter the administration sequences such as preemptive injection of simvastatin before GO/Ag NPs exposure,coinjection of simvastatin and GO/Ag NPs,and injection of simvastatin after GO/Ag NPs exposure.Pathological observations of G/S indicate that simvastatin could be used to treat tissue damage associated with GO/Ag NPs in vivo.iii.The results of distribution influence between GO/Ag NPs and simvastatin in mice were analysed with CT imaging.CT imaging showed that Ag NPs mainly deposited in the spleen;The GO/Ag NPs are rapidly deposite in the lungs with a fast speed;Simvastatin reduced GO/Ag NPs concentration in lung.After coinjection with GO/Ag NPs(5 mg/kg.bw)and simvastatin(20 mg/kg.bw),GO/Ag NPs can be eliminated from the lung 3 d later.2.5mg/kg.bw of GO/Ag NPs was the optimal concentration for the CT imaging in the lungs in 24 h.And 2.5mg/kg.bw GO/Ag NPs was the optimal concentration for the optimal CT imaging in the liver,spleen and intestinal tissue in 24 h.0.5mg/kg.bw GO/Ag NPs is the optmal concentration for the CT imaging in the kidney tissue in 36 h,and simvastatin(20 mg/ kg.bw)could provide protective effect for renal function.Thus,undering the protection of simvastatin,GO/Ag NPs can be used as contrast agents for enhanced CT imaging in the lungs,liver,spleen and kidneys.iv.The effect of Simvastatin on erythrocyte dysfunction caused by GO/Ag NPs was observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.After exposure to GO/Ag NPs,abnormal RBCs were found by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The images of microscopy showed that the RBCs were normal after exposure to simvastatins.The blood routine show that GO/Ag NPs exposure can induce the abnormal increase of WBC,RBC,HGB,HCT,PCT,and PLT as compared with normal groups(p<0.05 vs Normal groups),which can be attributable to tissue damage induced by GO/Ag NPs.However,with the presence of simvastatin of 20 mg/kg.bw,these indicators were back to normal level(p>0.05 vs Normal groups),suggesting that simvastatin could inhibit cells damage induced by GO/Ag NPs.In a certain extent,this research could reflect the toxic damage and CT imaging of nano-Cd S and GO/Ag composite nanomaterials in mice,and gives a prevention and treatment drugs(Simvastatin)for the damages caused by GO/Ag nanomaterials,could help us recognizing the application of nanoparticles in medicine.The experiment provides a scientific basis for nano-materials development and their biological conjugates into important targeting agents for molecular targeting vectors and CT enhanced images and promotes the comprehensive application of nanoparticles in disease diagnosis and treatment.