Studies On Diterpenoid Alkaloids And Biological Activity Of Five Specific Traditional Chinese Medicines "Cao Wu" In Xinjiang

This dissertation aimed at the in-depth phytochemical research of five medicinal plants including Aconitum apetalum（Huth）B.Fedtsch.,Aconitum anthoroideum DC.,Aconitum rotundifolium Kar.&Kir.,Delphinium tianshanicum W.T.Wang.,and Delphinium iliense Huth.Ninety-nine compounds were isolated from the five medicinal plants by means of column chromatography including silica gel and RP-18silica gel,and their structures were elucidated via HR-ESI-MS,IR,and NMR data.Among these compounds,there were 36 new compounds,and biological activities of some compounds were tested.In part two,405 natural compounds from plants as BChE inhibitors were summarized.Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Five Aconitum and Delphinium species in Xinjiang1.The phytochemical and biological research on the diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum apetalum（Huth）B.Fedtsch.Aconitum apetalum（Huth）B.Fedtsch.,a member of the Rannculaceae family,is a herbaceous plant widely distributed in Xinjiang,China.Twenty-five compounds were isolated from the EtOH extract of the plant.Among them,15 new compounds were determined as Apetalrine A,Apetalrine B,Apetalrine C,Apetalrine D,Apetalrine E,Apetaldine A,Apetaldine B,Apetaldine C,Apetaldine D,Apetaldine E,Apetaldine F,Apetaldine G,Apetaldine H,Apetaldine I,Apetaldine J.Ten known compounds were determined as Talassicumine A,Aconorine,Acobretine E,Cammaconine,8-O-ethylcammaconine,3-deoxyaconitine,Aconotine,Taurenine,Songorine,Songomine.In this paper,cytotoxic activities of some alkaloids were tested on MCF-7,HTC-116 and HepG2 cell lines.Furthermore,some alkaloids showed potential to attenuate MPP⁺-induced cytotoxicity on SH-SY5Y cells.Among them,Apetalrine A showed highly potent effect,with an rescue rate of 77%（50μM/L）.2.The phytochemical and biological research on the diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum anthoroideum DC.Aconitum anthoroideum DC.,as a member of the Rannculaceae family,is a herbaceous plant widely distributed in Xinjiang,China.Twenty-two compounds were isolated from the EtOH extract of the hole plant.Among them,10 new compounds were named Anthoroidines A-J,together with 12 known alkaloids were determined as Talatizidine,Condelphine,Tadzhaconinie,Hetidine hydrochloride,Trifolidasine E,Hetisine,（+）-（13R,19S）-1β,11α-diacetoxy-2α-benzoyloxy-13,19-dihydroxyhetisan,Atisinium chloride,Hetisinone,Nominine,Tadzhaconinie,Aconicarmicharcutinium hydrochloride.Further,cytotoxic activities of 19 alkaloids were tested on HCT116,MCF-7 and HepG2 cells.In addition,14 alkaloids were tested against MPP⁺-induced cytotoxicity on SH-SY5Y cells.3.The phytochemical and biological research on the diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum rotundifolium Kar.&Kir.Aconitum rotundifolium Kar.&Kir.,a member of the Rannculaceae family,is a herbaceous plant distributed in Sayram Lake in Xinjiang,China.Four new C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids,Rotundifosines D-G,along with 12 known compouds were isolated from the whole plant.The known compounds were determined as Delcorine,Rotundifosine C,Atidine,Tadzhaconinie,Heterophyllidine,Chellespontine,Hetisine,8-acetylherophyllisine,Ajaconine,Hetisinone,Atisinium chloride,（+）-（13R,19S）-1β,11α-diacetoxy-2α-benzoyloxy-13,19-dihydroxyhetisan.In addition,cytotoxic activities of 9 alkaloids were tested on MCF-7,HCT116 and HepG2 cell lines.4.The phytochemical and biological research on the diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium tianshanicum W.T.Wang.Delphinium tianshanicum W.T.Wang.,a member of the Rannculaceae family,is a herbaceous plant distributed in Xinjiang,China.Five new diterpenoid alkaloids Tianshanitines A-E,along with 21 known compounds were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the whole plant.The known alkaloids were determined as Tianshanisine,Elatidine,Delsemine A,Delsemine B,6-deoxydelpheline,Blacknidine,6-O-methyldelcorine,Lappaconitine,Ranaconitine,Potansine A,Lycoctonine,7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine,Anthranoyllycoctonine,DelcoridineⅠ,Delpheline,Bicoloridine alcohol,Delavaine A,Delavaine B,Delavaine A Free Acid,Delavaine B Free Acid,Delphatine.In addition,compounds Tianshanitines A-E,Tianshanisine,Delsemine A,Delsemine B,6-deoxydelpheline,6-O-methyldelcorine,Lappaconitine,Ranaconitine,7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine,Anthranoyllycoctonine,Delpheline,Bicoloridine alcohol,Delavaine A,Delavaine B,Delphatine were evaluated for cytotoxicity against HCT116,MCF-7 and HepG2 human cancer cell lines.5.The phytochemical and biological research on the diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium iliense.Delphinium iliense.,belonging to Rannculaceae family,is a herbaceous plant distributed in Xinjiang,China.Two new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids,Iliensines A and B,together with 8 known compounds were isolated from the extract of the whole plant.The known alkaloids were determined as Methyllycaconitine,Shawurensine,DelcoridineⅠ,Lycoctonine,Elasine,Deltaline,Delcorine,6-dehydrodelcorine.In addition,cytotoxic activities of 5 alkaloids were tested on HCT116 and HepG2 cell lines.Research progress on plant-derived butyrylcholinesterase inhibitoryAlzheimer’s disease（AD）is a neurodegenerative disease whose etiology and pathogenesis is unknown.Acetylcholinesterase（AChE）and butyrylcholinesterase（BChE）inhibitor are research hotspots in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.Researches show that cholinergic system is related to AD where BChE plays an important role in.The fact that naturally-occurring compounds from plants are considered to be a potential source of new inhibitors has led to the discovery of a large number of AChE and BChE inhibitor.This article reviews the progress on plant-derived butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor in the pathogenesis of AD,and 405natural compounds were summarized.